What is the name of the person who sews clothes? Workshop conversation. "The world of professions". Disadvantages of being a tailor

12.03.2024 -

This is a story about the clothes we wear, the people who make them, and how it all influences the modern world. This is a story of greed and fear, power and poverty. A story that is shared everywhere.

This story is about how in the 21st century - the century of new technologies - poverty, indifference and cruelty continue to reign. About how easily and simply transnational corporations control our consciousness through advertising. And about how the huge terrible system of the fashion economy claims thousands of lives every year.

This is the real price of fashion, which is not indicated on the price tags.

Fashion consumption

British journalist Lucy Seagle has been studying the influence of the fashion industry on modern society for many years. She says: “I had a huge classic wardrobe with clothes. Clothes were everywhere. Bags were constantly arriving at my house - every day with new things. And I always had nothing to wear.” Now Lucy has changed her point of view and her attitude towards clothes and fashion in general. This happened after Sigl began to study the underbelly of the fashion world.

“To a certain extent, we all introduce ourselves to others through our clothes. This is how it happened - even at the royal courts there were fashion trends. In this way, a kind of communication took place,” says clothing designer Orsola de Castro.

Previously, there was a system in the fashion industry - people attended autumn, winter, spring and summer shows. For many years this system worked like clockwork. Today, this no longer has anything to do with the fashion industry. She was reborn. There has been a ruthless transition to mass production, the owners of which are only interested in the profits received from a society hooked on the drug called “consumption”.

Many people around the world are not interested in anything about fashion except the price of clothes. Well, perhaps also her style. But they are also involved in a ruthless consumer system.

Prices go down and profits go up

In the 90s, the majority of global clothing brands (95%) were made in the USA. Today, America accounts for only 3% of clothing production - the remaining factories are located in developing countries of the world. Most are in China.

If you trace the pricing of every item over the past 20 years, it turns out that deflation has occurred. That is, production costs have fallen over time. But has the cost of things in stores dropped? For some reason not. On the contrary, prices are rising every year. As do the profits of factory owners and corporations.

This is a new model of the fashion industry - fast fashion, in which casual clothing stores are growing by leaps and bounds. After all, now fashion is not limited to two main seasons (autumn-winter and spring-summer), adding to them another 50 sub-seasons - this is how we can call the constant, weekly arrivals of new items in stores. Increasing turnover is the main goal and objective of fast fashion.

If you mix fashion and spiritual values together, the result is a recipe for creating a consumer society that believes that purchasing the next new product is the key to happiness and inner satisfaction.

The way products are made has completely changed. And someday you have to ask yourself: how will it end?

Fashion at the cost of human lives

John Hilary, chief executive of one such company, explains: “Globalization means that the production of all goods is outsourced to countries with low economic levels, especially those where wages remain low. This means that those at the top of the price chain can choose where to make products and can defect if, for example, the factory says they can no longer make it so cheaply. The brand will not make concessions - it will simply transfer factory capacity to a country where cheap labor remains.”

In the West, the term “low price everywhere” is used. So, if factory customers (fashion store owners) see that their competitors are selling a shirt for $5, they start thinking about how to sell the same one for $4. They come to the manufacturers with an offer of a lower price - and they squeeze their workers so as not to lose another client. And such price dumping on the part of customers can continue indefinitely - simultaneously with a situation in which production personnel grab any cheap order in order to survive and stay afloat.

Such resourcefulness, and, in addition, disregard for safety measures, have become acceptable under the new fashion business model.

Once upon a time, the underbelly of the fashion business in Bangladesh made it to the front pages of world publications. Then, not far from Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh, the 8-story Rana Plaza building collapsed, burying several hundred people under the ruins (and leaving the same number disabled). The house was one of the clothing factories, and its owners ignored the authorities’ order to evacuate personnel from the emergency building, the walls of which were covered with cracks some time before the tragedy. It was the worst disaster in the global light industry - the total number of victims of the collapse exceeded a thousand people.

Many journalists have since become interested in the problems surrounding the fast fashion supply chain and have tried to convey in their stories the risk that falls on the shoulders of the most vulnerable category of workers, who are the ones who are paid the least. For example, workers at that ill-fated factory in Bangladesh received $2 a day.

By some terrible coincidence, in a short period of time, along with the collapse of the building, several fires occurred in other garment factories, claiming the lives of several hundred more people.

But the worst thing is that the next year after the tragedies became the most profitable for the fast fashion industry.

Currently, the annual turnover in the fashion industry worldwide is approximately 3 trillion dollars. Bangladesh has become the second-largest garment exporter after China, placing it at the very bottom of the price chain.

Rhetorical questions

If the multi-billion dollar fashion industry can generate enormous profits for a handful of people, why can't it create human conditions for the mere ants who carry it on their shoulders? Can't guarantee their safety? Can't respect basic human rights?

In interviews with journalists, managers of large companies confidently and proudly declare that they gave these workers the opportunity to earn a piece of bread for their family, because without their factories these people would have gone hungry.

But why, in this case, do top managers forget to mention a 12-hour working day for a pittance payment, which is barely enough to feed the family? Or that child labor in their factories is quite normal, since the low earnings of adults are simply not enough for the whole family? Do the inhabitants of poor countries really not deserve the same normal working conditions as the inhabitants of developed, prosperous countries who wear clothes sewn by half-starved poor people?

By creating the jobs themselves, factory owners justify the difficulties that these very places bring to their owners: the risk of working in unsafe buildings, the lack of medical care and proper control over labor safety. But local residents have no choice where to go to work to feed their families. Just as there is no time to think about your fate and about earning below the subsistence level.

For 16 years now, the international Fair Trade Organization (FTO) has been interested in the social advancement of ordinary workers from developing countries. More than 60 countries around the world (10-60 organizations in each country) already participate in the Fair Trade movement. OST is trying to create its own parallel (fair) world of fashion - with fashion shows and clothing collections, the creation of which would take into account not only the aesthetic characteristics of things, but also the working conditions of those who create things from scratch.

But, alas, since OST is a social and commercial structure that earns money to improve the standard of living of its employees, and not money for the sake of money, few people know about it outside the professional sphere. Therefore, their activities look like a drop in the ocean of the international pursuit of profit.

"We sew clothes with our blood..."

Shima Akhter, 23, from Bangladesh, has been working at a factory of one of the major Western brands in Dhaka since she was 12 years old. Shima is one of 4 million seamstresses in 5 thousand factories in Bangladesh. Her salary is now below the minimum (just over $2 a day). And 12-year-old Shima was paid at all 10 dollars per month- as a beginner seamstress. Who worked equally with adults.

Shima has a little daughter. The girl has no one to leave the baby with, so she often takes her with her to work, although she admits that the fumes from special industrial solutions are very harmful to children. In other cases, Shima leaves little Nadya in a remote village with relatives, where the girl does not attend school and cannot study. Mother and daughter see each other only a few times a year...

When workers at her Western-style enterprise tried to organize a union and put forward a list of fair demands to management, the owners initially agreed. And then the activists were invited into a closed room (ostensibly for discussion) and severely beaten. At this point, the desire to vote and defend their rights dried up even among the most advanced workers.

“We sew clothes with our own blood, but many will buy an item and wear it only once. They have no idea or thought about how difficult it is for us. We don’t want people to wear clothes sewn with our blood and at the cost of our lives, the lives of our children. We just want a normal life and normal working conditions. We want conscious factory owners to think about us,” Shima voiced her sad thoughts in an interview with Andrew Morgan in the documentary “The Real Cost of Fashion.”

The real price of fashionable rags

Every year the world produces almost 80 billion pieces of clothing, but practically every second item is not for sale, because there is simply no one to buy it! There have become too many things, things have simply enslaved the consciousness of many people. The suicidal race for sales, for fashion brands creates a conflict in the consumer consciousness between the imposed consumer worldview and the spiritual principle, which is still trying to deny what is happening.

The contrast between “Black Fridays” in the USA, when people crush each other just to be the first to buy fashionable rags at a discount, and the poor neighborhoods of Asian countries, where children do not even have one pair of shoes - isn’t this difference striking?

Think about this at least once when you next look at the windows and figure out whether to spend a third of your salary on the next trendy shoes.

“We spend money we don't have, on things we don't need, to impress people we don't like,” is not just a quote popular on the Internet. These are words that reflect our current reality.

Is your new dress, your 20th, worth the health of thousands of ordinary workers from third world countries?

The article was prepared based on materials

Tatyana Andreevna Kamko
Summary of the comprehensive GCD “Professions of people who create clothes”

Direct educational activities in the preparatory group

Educational areas: cognitive development, artistic and aesthetic development, social and communicative development

Goal for the teacher: formation of a system of children’s ideas about the relationship between the activities of adults when creating clothes, in particular when creating a new model

Tasks:

Teach children to see the relationship and interdependence in the work of professionals and apply the acquired knowledge in practical activities - creating a clothing model

Systematize children’s knowledge about the professions of adults working in the Fashion House, create and review the “Fashion House” system

To consolidate the understanding and naming of the details and main parts of clothing (details of the dress: sleeves, skirt, bodice, collar, cuffs, belt)

Introduce children to new techniques (painting with a cotton swab instead of a brush - depict buttons, polka dots, small details; spraying with a toothbrush)

Exercise in the use of various visual means to achieve a creative concept and convey the features of the created clothing model

Provide experience in participating in the creation of a collective product “Fashion Magazine”

Product:

Fashion magazine for the game "Fashion Atelier"

Vocabulary work: model, fashion, fashion magazine, fashion designer, catwalk, cuffs, jabot, ruffle, flounce, bodice

Preliminary work: Excursion to the studio; conversation on the topic: “Journey into the past of clothing”; role-playing game “Fashion House”; did. game “Find the missing part for the dress”

Material and equipment:

Blanks with a half-drawn silhouette of clothes for each child

Fashion magazines with images of women's, men's and children's clothing – 3 pieces

Cards - types of details: sleeves, skirt, collar, belt

Colorfully designed cover for a fashion magazine

Whatman paper with illustrations of the professions of the Fashion House

Easel

Ribbon

Clothing stencils

Methods and techniques:

Explanatory and illustrative (verbal, visual)

Practical

Game

Creating a problematic situation

Expected result:

Understand the relationship and interdependence in the work of professionals when creating clothing models

They are able to use new techniques and means in drawing (spraying paint with a toothbrush; painting with a cotton swab instead of a brush (buttons, polka dots, small details, when creating a clothing model

Each child will gain experience of participating in the creation of a collective product of the “Fashion Magazine”

Fashion house

administrator director- responsible for coordinated work in the Fashion House, for quality service to visitors

fashion designers- come up with a model, create a drawing, sketches

cutter- takes measurements from the model, draws up and makes patterns, cuts fabric

fashion designer- carries out drawings from which patterns are made, provides new clothes

seamstresses- sew clothes, adjust them to fit

receiver- prepares documents, accepts and issues orders

designers- help complete the look of clothing models and decorate them

model- no fashion show can do without them

Progress of classes

I. Introductory part: Organizing time - goal setting motivation(Updating children's knowledge 2-4 min.)

Children come in and say hello

Let's smile at each other so that everyone is in a good mood.

Guys, you are very beautiful, elegant and fashionable today

Do you know what fashion is?

I reb. “Our fashion surprises all people. She dresses up adults and children.”

II reb. “Looking modern is nice. Everyone wants it so much - that’s understandable!”

III reb. “I want to dress fashionably. After all, there is a secret in fashion, in fashion. How old are you today?

Guys, what is fashion? How do you think?

Fashion is the short-term dominance of a certain taste in any area or culture, something very popular at a certain point in time. This means that at a certain moment something is very popular and widespread, that is, one person sees something new from another person and is more likely to do the same for himself. Fashion happens for everything - for various objects (as is the current fashion for phones, smartphones, tablets, etc., as well as fashion for clothes (for example, long skirts, dresses, leather jackets, etc.) and all people are trying to do this purchase to be fashionable.

Where do you think fashionable clothes are made?

Who do you think creates fashionable clothes?

What is a fashion house? This is a whole production in which people of various professions work.

Name the professions of people who create clothes.

What do you call the people who come up with clothing designs?

Let's look at the Fashion House as a whole system:

In order to create a new model, you need to work hard for a whole group of professionals (artist-fashion designer, fashion designer, designer, cutters, seamstresses, receivers, managers of various directions, administrator, models). Scheme.

When creating a new model, all professions are interconnected - receiver, cutter, seamstress, fashion designer-artist; one cannot exist without the other.

What do fashion designers do? An artist-fashion designer invents and creates new clothing collections, draws sketches, selects fabrics for new clothing models and decorations.

What do cutters do? They take measurements from models, draw up and make patterns, and cut fabric.

Why are there seamstresses in the Fashion House? They sew clothes and adjust them to fit the figure.

Receiver for what? Prepares documents for orders, accepts and issues orders to clients.

Who helps to complete the look of a clothing model and decorate them? Designers.

Who can't any fashion show be without? No models.

In fashion houses you can see modern clothing demonstrations with the participation of models. The showroom of the Fashion House hosts shows of new clothing collections. Models - girls and boys - walk along the catwalk to music and show samples of new modern fashionable clothes.

Where do models show clothes?

Guys, what is a model? This is a sample of a product or a sample for making something. A model demonstrating new clothing collections is a model for us and, looking at them, we can choose the sample of clothing we like,

But this is in big cities, and in our small city there is no fashion house, but there is an atelier.

Where do people get new clothing models from?

There are fashion magazines. Who can tell what a fashion magazine is?

A fashion magazine is a periodical that contains pictures of fashionable outfits.

Where can I get such a magazine?

What is a fashion magazine for?

Problem situation

Yes, guys, you can order new fashionable clothes from the studio by choosing your favorite clothing model in fashion magazines.

Is there a fashion magazine in your studio corner?

Would you like our atelier game to have its own fashion magazine?

Do you want to make it yourself?

Guys, I have these ready-made clothes.

Is it possible to create a fashion magazine out of them? Why not?

Can we change them?

How do they need to be finished so that they can be made into a fashion magazine?

Target Motive

That's right, guys, these blanks need to be completed, decorated, and then collected into our fashion magazine, with which you can then play the game - fashion atelier. (Showing magazines of men's, women's and children's clothing)

D. Game: find the difference in children's clothes

II. Main part

Let's look at the details of the clothing so that you can then complete the missing parts for your model.

Guys, let's look at the models of children's clothing. (2-3 children's dresses) and compare them: long/short; skirt – fluffy/narrow, sleeves – long/short/sleeveless, collar – stand-up/large/small.

Now let's look at models for boys.

We look at the clothes of two boys - a shirt - long/short, with buttons; collar – large/small; sleeve – short/long with cuffs.

What can decorate clothes? (name details of clothing - ruffles, frills, flounces, straps, pockets)

Fizminutka

Activity planning

Guys, we learned about the work of the Fashion House, how models are created.

Here, guys, look at the drawing I created (I’m showing the finished dress).

What do you guys think, how did I achieve this result?

I used a new technique in drawing, would you like me to tell you about it?

To do this, I needed a toothbrush, dipped it in paint and used my finger to splatter it over my model blank. I came up with a beautiful drawing. (I use a clothing stencil)

You can also use cotton swabs. What do you think can be drawn with them? (buttons, polka dots, lines, small details).

So, we learned about the work of the Fashion House, looked at the main details that decorate clothes, and talked about new techniques that you can use when making fashionable clothes.

Now can you create your own clothing model using these blanks?

Guys, today I invite you to be fashion designers and create your own clothing model using new knowledge and skills?

Use all your fantasy and imagination to create a fashionable clothing model. They must be done carefully.

What will we make of them?

When creating a clothing model, you can use any material, namely, colored pencils, felt-tip pens, wax crayons, paints, cotton swabs, and a toothbrush.

Select the workpiece you like, the material required for work and go to the workplace to create a model.

Boys create clothes for boys, girls for girls.

Independent work

Remember that each of you creates part of a system that helps create an entire fashion magazine.

Get to work. After you finish your work, bring me the finished models for making a fashion magazine.

III. Final part. Reflection

Summarizing

What were you planning? What happened?

And now from your works we will make a fashion magazine for the game “Atelier”

What a beautiful fashion magazine it turned out to be!

Guys, you are all so great! You have done wonderful work. Probably, when you grow up, maybe one of you will become a fashion designer and come up with different styles of clothing. And we will come and order.

Now let's go put our fashion magazine in the corner.

Children share their impressions of the work done.

Natalya Smirnova - about how the author's atelier for sewing women's clothing is organized

During the Soviet years, due to a shortage of clothes in stores, many women were forced to sew them in an atelier or from familiar dressmakers. Nowadays, those who are willing to pay a fairly high price for it can afford individual tailoring. Therefore, there are quite a few ateliers specializing only in individual orders, and they often turn into a fashion house. The co-founder of the Abiart studio, Natalya Smirnova, told the website about how the author's atelier is organized.

42 years old, co-founder of an author's studio. She graduated from the Moscow Academy of Light Industry with a degree in design (textile designer). At the same time, she received a second higher education – Moscow State University of Design and Technology with a degree in fashion design. In 2002, she opened it together with a fashion designer. Alina Oshitkova atelier "Abiart", which specializes in individual tailoring of women's clothing and curtains.

How it all began

Natalya Smirnova knew from school that she wanted to be a fashion designer. But I was afraid that I wouldn’t be able to enroll in the right department immediately after graduating from school. I began studying at the Moscow Academy of Light Industry, specializing in “desinator” - this is the name of a specialist who creates a design on fabric: determines what threads will be used, what ornament or design, in what size, etc.

Two years later, while continuing to receive her first higher education, Natalya entered the Moscow University of Design and Technology at the faculty where fashion designers were trained. When she finished her studies, she was called to work in an atelier as a fashion designer, although in addition to her main job she had to design and sew things from start to finish.

In 2002, Natalya, together with fashion designer Alina Oshitkova, founded their own studio “Abiart”. They rented a room for him in one of the institutes in the Voikovskaya metro area, brought their household sewing machines from home - and began to work. Investments in the project amounted to approximately $500 from the personal funds of the companions.

Gradually, the studio acquired professional equipment - it was purchased as the business grew and based on the needs of the enterprise. This is how straight-stitch machines appeared - for thin, medium-thick and thick fabrics (for example, jeans and leather), overlockers, and a machine for sewing leather and fur products.

Individual tailoring

Individual tailoring of women's clothing is a long and painstaking process. On average, it takes a month to make one item. First, the client explains to the specialists of the Abiart studio what exactly she wants to get and how she plans to use the new wardrobe item in the future - go to business meetings, wear it to special events or wear it in everyday life.

Then a sketch is created, which is approved by the client. If we can agree on how the finished item should look, we move on to selecting fabric. The Abiart atelier has catalogs of English and Italian fabrics. If it is not possible to choose a fabric from them, then the studio staff will continue to search through other suppliers located in Moscow. But more often it happens that a client comes to the atelier with a fabric that she likes. And together with the designer he decides what item to sew from this fabric.

The next stage is taking measurements. They are necessary for making patterns - templates used to create patterns and taking into account the characteristics of a particular figure.

“We calculated that there should be about six basic patterns for each client. Subsequently, product patterns are modeled and created from the base. And this takes from one to six hours. We haven’t started sewing anything yet, but we’ve already done so many manipulations,” notes Natalya Smirnova.

After creating the patterns, the finished pattern is transferred to the fabric. Each line is marked by the tailor using thread stitches. Only after cutting does the first fitting take place. The fashion designer and designer look at how the item sits on the customer and decide where and what needs to be removed, raised or moved to another place. To make changes, all seams are ripped out, and the product is reassembled for a second fitting. The third fitting is already final.

Handwork takes up about 75% of a garment sewn to an individual design, says Natalya Smirnova. “The volume of machine sewing is 5%. About 20% is iron and wet heat treatment. The remaining 75% is manual labor. And if you put hand stitches throughout the entire product, as our customers love, then the handwork becomes even more.”

The cost of sewing a women's business suit with fabric in the Abiart atelier starts from 60 thousand rubles, dresses - from 40 thousand rubles. Natalya Smirnova explains this by the fact that each item is created almost by hand, and the manufacturing process itself goes through many stages described above. Sometimes there are products that are made without a single machine stitch at all, for example, two-layer cashmere coats.

“There is clothing design based on standard patterns, and there is one based on tattoos. This is when you pin pieces of fabric onto a mannequin and assemble the clothes like a sculptor. Very often we use a combination of standard construction with tattooing,” explains Natalya.

Who orders what?

According to the observations of Natalya Smirnova, individual tailoring in the Abiart atelier is usually ordered by women of the following professions - architects, artists, financial directors, as well as business women. It is important for them to look different, so mass-market clothing very often does not suit them. There are also young clients who are preparing for graduation at a school or university or going out.

Quite often, women ask to use very expensive fabric for their things. They explain this by saying that their business partners understand the quality of fabric used in other people's clothes. And the clothing itself is for them a marker of what social status their interlocutor belongs to. Therefore, it is important for such clients to look appropriate.

Regular clients, for whom the employees of the Abiart studio have already sewed several clothes and created their individual style, often upon subsequent contact only say what new wardrobe item they need - for example, a shirt. Next, the designer and fashion designer come up with what kind of shirt will match the rest of the customer’s clothes.

“Each sketch is approved, but with regular clients it is no longer possible to follow the sketches 100%. Each piece is an experiment, a creative moment. And not only for the designer, constructor, tailor, but also for the client. He creates with us. And in the process of this creativity there may be changes,” assures Natalya Smirnova.

There are also customers who come to us with a photograph of branded clothing and ask us to sew the same for them. According to Natalia Smirnova, working on such orders is a game of skill. Based on the photograph, the fashion designer must select the type of fabric that is most accurate to the original, and the designer must repeat the cut as much as possible (often without having a back view of the product).

The studio staff establishes trusting relationships with clients. “When a person stands in front of you at fittings almost naked, it promotes trust,” says Natalya.

Among those who sew clothes in the Abiart atelier are not only residents of Moscow and the Moscow region. There is a client who lives in America, but during her visits to Moscow she places orders.

“In our work, the number of orders or finished products per month is not an indicator of the studio’s productivity. There may be one, but very difficult thing in the work that the tailor will do for a month and a half. Or there may be many small things,” explains Natalya Smirnova.

There are clear peaks in orders in tailoring. They usually occur in autumn (October to December) and spring (February-March), and are due to the fact that along with the time of year, many women want to change their wardrobe. The fewest requests are in January and July-August.

In 2017, April and May unexpectedly turned out to be disastrous. This was due to the prolonged cold weather - no one was in a hurry to sew summer dresses. “We have never made so few summer clothes as we did this year. The first truly warm day was in Moscow at the end of July,” states Natalya.

Don't rush to the camp« Russian designers»

Atelier "Abiart" has a collection of wedding dresses. They wanted to develop this area especially actively in 2012. Natalya Smirnova brought her dresses to wedding salons in Moscow. But there, upon seeing the Russian name of the designer, they immediately refused to cooperate. Although at that time Russian designers were already becoming a trend in the field of casual clothing, but not wedding dresses.

“I am a designer who works in custom tailoring and makes custom-made products in a single copy. Yes, Russian designers at some point became a trend. But now there are a lot of them. Of course, there are wonderful designers who do great work. But the level of things for the majority leaves much to be desired. When we attend events like Haute Couture Week or visit boutiques, it becomes clear why clients come to us and to ateliers like ours. This is a different level of product both in terms of materials and workmanship,” adds Natalya Smirnova.

Personnel shortage

The team of the Abiart studio consists of seven employees: a designer, a fashion designer, an assistant designer, three tailors and an accountant. The team is exclusively female. Because of this, we constantly have to look for staff - employees often go on maternity leave.

Finding a ready-made specialist, according to Natalya Smirnova, is almost impossible. In Moscow and the regions, schools that train tailors are closing. And those who receive higher education in this specialty at institutes immediately claim a high salary. But as specialists, they are not yet ready to work after university; they need to be trained directly in the studio.

The shortage of personnel for the atelier also affects areas not directly related to the ability to sew or cut. Natalya Smirnova tried to find an SMM manager who would manage the social networks of the studio. But the hired freelancers made posts that did not reflect the features of the clothes that were made to order. As a result, Natalya herself is involved in social networks, using basic knowledge in this area. But she is sure that it would be better if the posts were not written every day, but written competently and by the business owner himself.

Natalya Smirnova is trying to make short videos about how things are created in their studio. But every time she enters the production floor with the camera on her phone, her subordinates begin to feel shy. “Employees get very tense when they are removed. And it’s impossible to explain to them that small videos of how our thing is made are very suitable for social networks,” says Natalya.

Promotion through word of mouth

The Abiart studio has its own pages on Instagram and Facebook. They post photographs of finished products; many items are photographed from the reverse side. Such pictures allow you to evaluate the quality of the sewn item. “The priority for the buyer is the quality of the product. They come to us, first of all, for quality, not design,” Natalya is convinced.

The studio constantly has a problem with photographs for social networks. You can photograph finished items on a mannequin or in a studio, but good photo sessions require professional lighting and a professional photographer. What studio employees photograph on their own often does not convey all the nuances of the item. In addition, finished products are put on a mannequin or laid out on a table, which also does not add to their beauty.

Due to their status, the studio’s clients are in no hurry to post their own photos on social networks wearing things from Abiart. But they willingly tell their colleagues or acquaintances in personal communication where they got this beautiful shirt or dress. The main flow of visitors comes from word of mouth.

Unleash the future

Atelier "Abiart" is thinking about expanding in the near future. It is possible that the staff will increase by at least one manager. He will be engaged in accompanying orders, and not in sewing or cutting.

Now Natalya Smirnova is developing a casual line of ready-made coats and dresses. Things can be seen in the boutique of the Barvikha cottage village. The financial capabilities of the studio do not yet allow opening your own boutique. But this idea is still not abandoned - it is in plans for the future.

Goal:1. Analyze presented sets of objects characterizing various types of professions;

2. Establish logical connections and relationships using visual material;

3. Construct verbal statements in the form of reasoning and inferences;

Types of activities: 1. Compiling answers to questions with justification evidence, independent justification of professions using pictures with an explanation of cause-and-effect relationships.

2. Compilation of stories using reference words.

3. Drawing up proposals for types of professional activities with the establishment of logical connections based on poetry.

4. Solving logical riddles.

Assignment and didactic material:

A task to analyze pictures, riddles, poems with the establishment of cause-and-effect relationships and relationships in the text.

Guys, you know that adults, no matter where they live - in a city or village, always work.

People work for each other. City residents make equipment for working in the fields, on farms, and rural residents grow wheat, vegetables, and fruits for city residents.

There is a huge variety of professions.

Guys, what professions do you know? (Children's answers)

We have now listed many professions. Today I invite you to learn more about professions that are familiar to you. But with what..?

The teacher holds a plate on his palm and addresses the class.

Where did you find this item today?
What's in this plate?
What products are needed to prepare this dish?
What do you think was used to prepare this dish?
What other dishes do you know?
Who prepared these dishes for you?
Where else do chefs work?
Who cooks dinner at home?

But listen to this poem (read by a student)

Cook

How to easily prepare lunch.

There is nothing difficult about this.

It's as easy as shelling pears

It's done once and done

(If mom is cooking dinner)

But it happens that mom has no time,

And we cook our own lunch:

And then I won’t understand

(I don’t understand what the secret is?)

It's very difficult to cook dinner.

B. Zakhoder.

Millions of people must be fed, otherwise they simply will not be able to work or live. Let's thank our chefs for the varied and delicious lunches.

The teacher shows samples of children's clothing.

Each student takes turns looking at the subject. The teacher addresses the class:

You and I are dressed.

Where did we get the clothes?
How did she get into the store?
Who sewed it? What was it made from?
Who knows what they use when sewing clothes?

And now I will tell you riddles. And the answers to them are what people use when sewing clothes.

Small bird

He will dive with his tail,

The tail wags -

He will lead the path. (Needle)

Two ends, two rings

And in the middle there are carnations (Scissors)

Blue, little, galloping

It colors all people. (Needle)

Iron bull, linen tail. (Needle)

What is the name of the profession of people who sew clothes? (Tailors)

Not all people know how to sew. In order for clothes to turn out beautiful and comfortable, you need to study sewing for a long time, and also love your work. If the tailor does his job poorly, the clothes will look bad and have low demand in the goods market. And if he does his job correctly and conscientiously, then we will be happy to wear high-quality and beautiful clothes.

The teacher draws the children's attention to the object made by the children in the workshops during labor lessons, and addresses the children with the following questions:

What is the name of this item?
What material is it made of?
What tools were used to make this item?
Where was it made?
Does the person need this item?
What other wooden objects have you made in the workshops during your craft lessons?
What is the name of the profession of a person who makes frames and doors?

Now let's once again remember the tools that people use when they build a house (children call them).

Now listen to riddles about different tools that help a carpenter. Listen carefully. The one who guesses the riddle will receive a picture depicting the answer. At the end, we'll see who our best guesser is.

I am the most lively worker in the workshop,

I beat with all my strength every day.

How I envy a couch potato,

What is lying around without any use,

I'll pin him to the board

I'll hit you on the head!

The poor thing will hide in the board -

That his cap is visible. (Hammer and nail)

Wonderful buddy:

wooden hand,

Yes, an iron butt,

Yes, a red-hot comb,

He is held in high regard by the carpenter,

Every day with him at work. (Axe)

Whirlwind Spinner

I rested my foot on the screw

I sawed the boards And he made a birdhouse. It helped a lot. Do the housework for me... (Saw) The eye will not help, I need the exact size. Where necessary, I put marks By using...

(Roulettes)

At the horse's side, at the little humpback's

Wooden sides

When you hold it in your hand,

He will slide along the board. (Plane)

Lays brick by brick -

Growing floor by floor,

And every hour, every day

Higher and higher, a new house.

The teacher shows a picture depicting a “brick” and addresses the class:

What is the name of this item?
Where can he be found?
What other tools are used when building a house?
What is the name of the profession of people who build houses?

To answer this question, let’s solve a crossword puzzle.

A builder's cherished dream is to build a house from the first brick to the last. The profession of a builder appeared along with man. The builder, like a kind storyteller, takes care of us all. A roof over your head is a gift from the builder, and a bridge over the river is his gift. Warmth, electric light, comfort - all this from the builder.

The teacher shows a picture of a “wheel”. Refers to the class:

What is this item?
Where do you find this item?
Why does a car need wheels?
How does a car or bus move?
Why do you think a person needs a car?
Whose work involves technology?

Now we will look at road signs, traffic lights and answer the following questions:

What should a driver know to drive a vehicle?
Why are traffic rules necessary?
What rules do you know?
What is the purpose of a traffic light?
What road signs do you know?
Why do drivers need road signs?
Name the profession of the person who controls traffic on the road.

Thus, we have found out that the driver needs to know the rules of the road, understand the internal structure of the car, but this is not enough. You must be calm, patient, attentive. And mutual compliance with traffic rules by both pedestrians and drivers will ensure a calm environment on the roads. So let's be law-abiding pedestrians.

The teacher invites the children to play. The game is played with handouts.

Rules of the game:

On the table there are pictures depicting people's professions. Children take one picture at a time and talk about “their profession.” And the rest of the children name their profession.

Summing up the lesson.