All the fairy tales of the Brothers Grimm. Brothers Grimm. Biography Brothers Grimm where they were born
From early childhood, we all know fairy tales about Cinderella, the Sleeping Princess, Snow White, Little Red Riding Hood and the musicians from Bremen. Who brought all these characters to life? To say that these tales belong to the Brothers Grimm would be a half-truth. After all, the entire German people created them. What is the contribution of famous storytellers? Who were Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm? The biography of these writers is very interesting. We suggest you familiarize yourself with it in this article.
Childhood and youth
The brothers saw the light in the city of Hanau. Their father was a wealthy lawyer. He had a practice in the city, and also worked as a legal adviser to the Prince of Hanau. The brothers were lucky to have a family. Their mother was affectionate and caring. In addition to them, the family also raised three brothers and a sister, Lotta. Everyone lived in peace and harmony, but brothers of the same age, Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm, especially loved each other. It seemed to the boys that their path in life had already been determined - a happy childhood, a lyceum, a university law faculty, practice as a judge or notary. However, a different fate awaited them. Jacob, born on January 4, 1785, was the first-born and eldest in the family. And when their father died in 1796, the eleven-year-old boy took upon himself to take care of his mother, younger brothers and sister. However, if there is no education, there is no decent income. Here one cannot overestimate the contribution of the aunt, the mother's sister, who helped financially to enable the two eldest sons - Jacob and Wilhelm, who was born on February 24, 1786 - to graduate from the lyceum in Kassel.
Studies
At first, the biography of the Brothers Grimm did not promise to be particularly interesting. They graduated from the Lyceum and, as befits the sons of a lawyer, entered the University of Marburg. But jurisprudence did not interest the brothers. At the university, they became friends with the teacher Friedrich Karl von Savigny, who aroused the young people's interest in philology and history. Even before receiving his diploma, Jacob traveled with this professor to Paris to help him research ancient manuscripts. Through F. K. von Savigny, the Grimm brothers also met other collectors of folk art - C. Brentano and L. von Arnim. In 1805, Jacob graduated from the university and entered the service of Jerome Bonaparte, moving to Wilhelmshöhe. There he worked until 1809 and received the degree of statistical auditor. In 1815, he was even delegated to the congress in Vienna as a representative of the Electorate of Kassel. Wilhelm, meanwhile, graduated from the university and received a position as secretary of the library in Kassel.
Biography of the Brothers Grimm: 1816-1829
Despite the fact that Jacob was a good lawyer, and his superiors were pleased with him, he himself did not feel joy from his work. He was somewhat jealous of his younger brother Wilhelm, who was surrounded by books. In 1816, Jacob was offered a professorship at the University of Bonn. This would be an unprecedented career rise for his age - after all, he was only thirty-one. However, he rejected the tempting offer, resigned from service and took a position as a simple librarian in Kassel, where Wilhelm worked as a secretary. From that moment on, as the biography of the Brothers Grimm shows, they were no longer lawyers. Out of duty - and for their own joy - they took up what they loved. While still at university, they began collecting folk tales and legends. And now they went to all corners of the Electorate of Kassel and the Landgraviate of Hesse to collect interesting stories. Wilhelm's marriage (1825) did not affect the brothers' joint work. They continued to collect stories and publish books. This fruitful period in the brothers' lives lasted until 1829, when the library director died. His place, by all rights, should have gone to Jacob. But as a result, it was taken over by a complete stranger. And the indignant brothers resigned.
Creation
Over the years of work in the library, Jacob and Wilhelm collected a huge number of wonderful examples of German folklore. Thus, the fairy tales of the Brothers Grimm are not their own creation. Their author is the German people themselves. And the oral bearers of ancient folklore were ordinary people, mostly women: nannies, wives of simple burghers, innkeepers. A certain Dorothea Feeman made a special contribution to filling the books of the Brothers Grimm. She served as a housekeeper in the family of a pharmacist from Kassel. Wilhelm Grimm chose his wife not by chance either. She knew many fairy tales. So, “Table, cover yourself,” “Mistress Blizzard” and “Hansel and Gretel” were recorded from her words. The biography of the Brothers Grimm also mentions a case where folk epic collectors received some of their stories from retired dragoon Johann Krause in exchange for old clothes.
Editions
Folklore collectors published their first book in 1812. They entitled it “Children's and Family Tales.” It is noteworthy that in this publication the Brothers Grimm provided links to where they heard this or that legend. These notes show the geography of Jacob and Wilhelm's travels: they visited Zweren, Hesse, and the Maine regions. Then the brothers published a second book, “Old Germanic Forests.” And in 1826, the collection “Irish Folk Tales” appeared. Now in Kassel, in the Brothers Grimm Museum, all their fairy tales are collected. They have been translated into one hundred and sixty languages of the world. And in 2005, the fairy tales of the Brothers Grimm were included in the UNESCO international register under the heading “Memory of the World”.
Scientific research
In 1830, the brothers entered the service of the University Library of Göttingen. And ten years later, when Friedrich Wilhelm of Prussia ascended the throne, the Grimm brothers moved to Berlin. They became members of the Academy of Sciences. Their research concerned Germanic linguistics. Towards the end of their lives, the brothers began compiling an etymological “German Dictionary”. But Wilhelm died on December 16, 1859, while work was underway on words starting with the letter D. His older brother Jacob died four years later (09/20/1863), at the table, describing the meaning of Frucht. Work on this dictionary was completed only in 1961.
Brothers Grimm: The Brothers Grimm (Jacob and Wilhelm) are German linguists and storytellers. Brothers Grimm (studio) recording studio. Founded in 1998 in Moscow. Brothers Grim (group) Russian pop rock group.... ... Wikipedia
Brothers Grimm (film)- This term has other meanings, see Brothers Grimm (meanings). The Brothers Grimm The Brothers Grimm Genre Adventure Science Fiction ... Wikipedia
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Grimm- brothers (Grimm) Jacob (1785 1863) and Wilhelm (1787 1859) famous German scientists, founders of German philology. They spent their childhood and youth in severe poverty, almost poverty. They received their education in one of the closed educational institutions connecting... Literary encyclopedia
GRIMM Jacob Collier's Encyclopedia
GRIMM Wilhelm- GRIMM, JACOB AND WILHELM (Grimm, Jakob, 1785 1863; Grimm, Wilhelm, 1786 1859), JACOB (RIGHT) AND WILHELM GRIMM. Portrait by Elisabeth Erichau Bauman (1855). German philologists. Born in Hanau, near Frankfurt am Main: Jacob January 4, 1785,... ... Collier's Encyclopedia
GRIMM (brothers)- GRIMM (brothers), see Grimm Wilhelm (see GRIMM Wilhelm), Grimm Jacob (see GRIMM Jacob) ... encyclopedic Dictionary
Grimm (Schlemmer)- Grimm (Schlemmer), Juliane Charlotte Juliane Charlotte Frederike Grimm married Schlemmer (German: Juliane Charlotte Friederike Grimm (Schlemmer), August 3, 1735, Hanau December 18, 1796, Steinau an der Strasse) elder and childless sister... ... Wikipedia
Grimm Ludwig Emil- Ludwig Emil Grimm is mute. Ludwig Emil Grimm Date of birth: March 14, 1790 (1790 03 14) Place of birth ... Wikipedia
Books
- Brothers Grimm. Fairy tales, Brothers Grimm, The famous German storytellers, the brothers Grimm - Jacob and Wilhelm - left us priceless retellings of German folk tales. Fairy tales of the Brothers Grimm are an inexhaustible source of folk wisdom... Category: All fairy tales of the world Series: World classics for children Publisher: AST, Malysh, Buy for 335 rub.
- Brothers Grimm. Fairy Tales (Audiobook MP3), The Brothers Grimm, The Brothers Grimm - Jacob and Wilhelm, lived a modest life. They lost their parents early and fully experienced all the hardships of backbreaking labor and material hardships. Only thanks to their aunt brothers... Category: Foreign literature for children Series: Children's literature Publisher: Soyuz, Pokidyshev and sons, Buy audiobook for 219 rubles
Brothers Grimm (Jacob And William) - German linguists and researchers of German folk culture.
Jacob was born on January 4, 1785, Wilhelm on February 24, 1786 in the family of an official in the German city of Hanau. We grew up in a prosperous family, in an atmosphere of love and kindness.
In four years instead of the required eight years, the brothers completed the full course of the gymnasium. They received a law degree and served as professors at the University of Berlin. They created a “German grammar” and a dictionary of the German language.
The Brothers Grimm became interested in collecting and studying folk tales back in their student years.
The creative path of the Brothers Grimm began with the publication in 1812 of the first volume of their debut collection of fairy tales, and just three years later the second volume was published.
Three collections of “Children's and family tales” (1812, 1815, 1822) brought them fame as great storytellers. Among them are “The Town Musicians of Bremen”, “A Pot of Porridge”, “Puss in Boots”, “Little Red Riding Hood”, “Snow White”, “Cinderella”, “The Golden Goose”, “The Wolf and the Seven Little Goats” - about 200 fairy tales in total.
Some scientists believe that the Brothers Grimm did not compose fairy tales, but processed and creatively retold only those that were written down from the words of folk storytellers.
After the release of the first fairy-tale collection, the creative duo of brothers decides to devote themselves entirely to literature and science: both brothers settle in Kassel, where the younger one works as a secretary in the library, and the older one, having decisively rejected the advantages of the diplomatic career offered to him and the professorship in Bonn, soon joins him , taking the position of librarian.
Further biography of Grimm will be firmly connected with scientific and teaching work: for seven years, starting in 1830, they will live in Göttingen, the next three years again in Kassel, and from 1840, at the royal invitation, they will settle in Berlin, where they will spend the rest of the years.
At the end of their lives, they began creating the first dictionary of the German language: Wilhelm died on December 16, 1859, having completed work on the letter D; Jacob outlived his brother by almost four years, having completed the letters A, B, C and E. He died on September 20, 1863 at his desk, working on the word nem. Frucht(fruit).
Brothers Grimm
On January 4, 1785, in the small German town of Hanau (Hanau), a son named Jacob was born into the family of a modest lawyer Philip Wilhelm Grimm. A year later, on February 24, his younger brother Wilhelm was born. The Brothers Grimm were very friendly, they studied science together, becoming recognized authorities in the field of philology and mythology, together they collected, processed and published fairy tales, which are now known throughout the world.
Of the five Grimm brothers, the youngest, Ludwig, became famous as an artist, engraver and illustrator. It was his drawings that decorated the collections of fairy tales prepared by his older brothers.
Naturally, the brothers Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm are better known as storytellers, because it is difficult to find a person who, from childhood, would not know about the adventures of the Bremen Town Musicians or the amazing fate of Snow White. But in scientific circles the attitude towards the Brothers Grimm is different. Scientists consider them to be the greatest philologists, linguists and folklorists, the founders of new directions in science.
It is curious that several generations of scientists worked for more than 100 years to complete the brothers’ largest unfinished work, the “German Dictionary,” which essentially became a comparative historical dictionary of all Germanic languages. But the brothers intended to complete this work within 15-20 years. And this was not bravado on their part; they had an amazing ability to work.
Even as children, while studying at the Kassel gymnasium, the brothers demonstrated brilliant abilities. This was followed by studies at the University of Marburg, after which the brothers moved to different places for a while. Wilhelm returned to Kassel, where their mother lived, and Jacob went to Paris, where he began searching for and studying ancient manuscripts under the guidance of his former university teacher, Professor Savigny.
In Paris, Jacob became interested in collecting folk tales, which revealed to him the wonderful world of folklore. Soon Wilhelm joined in this activity. Jacob's official position underwent significant changes in 1808; he received the position of personal librarian to the King of Westphalia, Jerome Bonaparte, Napoleon's brother. The king sympathized with Jacob, did not burden him with official tasks, giving him the opportunity to seriously engage in science.
The brothers, although they lived far from each other, worked, as they say, in parallel, collecting and preparing folk tales for publication. Already in 1812, the first volume of “Children's and Family Tales” was published, which overnight made the Brothers Grimm widely known. Three years later the next volume was published. The illustrations for these books were drawn by their younger brother Ludwig.
The Brothers Grimm contained 200 fairy tales and 10 legends in two volumes. Soon a new two-volume book was published - “German Legends”. The interest in books was enormous, not only among children, but also among adults, many of whom, thanks to them, for the first time felt all the charm of folk tales and legends.
In 1815, Jacob Grimm almost abandoned science. He accompanied a representative of the Electorate of Kassel to the Congress of Vienna. Jacob impressed professional diplomats with his erudition and analytical skills. Several tempting offers followed, but accepting the proposed positions would have left him practically no time for scientific pursuits. Therefore, Jacob did not become a diplomat; he also rejected the offered professorship in Bonn. To a successful career, he preferred a position as a librarian in Kassel, where his brother already worked, and a serious pursuit of science.
The Grimm brothers spent almost 15 years in Kassel. They skillfully combined official duties with scientific research, especially philological research. During this period, Wilhelm married and had a son, Herman, who later became a professor at the University of Berlin and a famous literary historian. Jacob remained a bachelor.
In 1830, Jacob Grimm moved to Göttingen, where he accepted positions as professor of German literature and senior librarian at the local university. Soon he was joined by Wilhelm, who also became a professor a few years later. Here the brothers Grimm completed and published the major work “Germanic Mythology” and the last volumes of the four-volume “German Grammar”, on which they had been working for many years.
In 1837, the brothers Grimm became embroiled in a political struggle due to the abolition of the constitution by the new king and were forced to urgently leave Göttingen. For some time they lived in their homeland in Kassel. Here they received an offer from major book publishers to prepare a comprehensive dictionary of the German language. A few years later, the Grimm brothers moved at the invitation of Crown Prince Friedrich Wilhelm to Berlin, where they were elected members of the Academy of Sciences and began teaching at the local university. It was here that they seriously began their greatest scientific work - the compilation of a dictionary of the German language, the first volume of which was published in 1852.
Work on the dictionary captivated the brothers, occupying almost all of their time. It was necessary not only to collect the words of all Germanic dialects, but also to provide comprehensive information about each of them, including the history of occurrence and application, meaning, grammatical and stylistic features, etc.
The efficiency of the brothers, especially Yakov, was amazing, because the two of them performed work that could be handled by an entire institute of linguistics. By the way, after their death, the work begun by the brothers was continued by large scientific teams, completing it only in 1961.
Time has passed, and now only specialists know about the enormous contribution of the brothers Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm to science. But even today, when their names are mentioned, almost any person will remember the amazing fairy tales that he listened to or read in childhood, and then read to his children or grandchildren. The fairy tales of the Brothers Grimm have firmly entered the treasury of world literature. They were reprinted so many times that scientists could not calculate their total circulation, it was so huge. If we take into account the cinema, which first made feature films based on these fairy tales, and then cartoons, then we can rightfully say that the fairy tales collected and processed by the Brothers Grimm have long conquered the whole world.
Brothers Grimm ( Jacob, January 4, 1785 - September 20, 1863 and William, February 24, 1786 - December 16, 1859) - German philologists, linguists, researchers of folk culture, founders of German philology, founders of comparative studies and world-famous authors of fairy tales. Both brothers were born in the city of Hanau, Germany.
From a very early age, the same-age brothers Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm were bound by close bonds of friendship that lasted throughout their lives. After graduating from the Kassel Lyceum, the Grimm brothers entered the University of Marburg, wanting to study law. However, later the Grimm brothers began to devote more and more free time to the study of domestic German and foreign literature.
In 1812, the biography of the Brothers Grimm began as an inseparable creative union of world-famous writers and storytellers. It was then that they released the first volume of Children's and Family Tales. The second volume was published in 1815, and the third in 1822.
In 1815, Jacob Grimm was sent along with a representative of the Electorate of Kassel to the Congress of Vienna. In 1816, the elder Grimm left the service, rejecting the professorship offered in Bonn, and took the position of librarian in Kassel, where his brother Wilhelm Grimm had been secretary of the library since 1814. In 1816–1818 The Brothers Grimm published a collection of legends, German Legends.
The biography of the Grimm brothers as library workers continued until 1835. The brothers devoted all their free time to philology and collecting fairy tales and legends. In 1830, Jacob Grimm was invited to Göttingen as a professor of German literature and senior librarian at the local university. Wilhelm entered the same place as a junior librarian, and in 1835 he was promoted to full professor.
The Grimm brothers were dismissed from the university in 1837 for protesting about changes to the constitution by the new king. In 1840, Friedrich Wilhelm of Prussia ascended the throne, marking the beginning of the Berlin stage of the biography of the Brothers Grimm. Responding to the king's call, the Grimm brothers arrived in Berlin, where they were elected members of the Berlin Academy of Sciences and received the right to lecture at the University of Berlin. From then on, the Brothers Grimm lived in Berlin constantly until their death.
In recent years, biographies of the Brothers Grimm have been devoted mainly to lecturing and scientific research. In 1852, the Grimm brothers began compiling a dictionary of the German language.
Wilhelm Grimm died in December 1859, having completed work on the letter D of the German dictionary. Jacob Grimm survived his brother by almost four years, having completed the letters A, B, C and E. He died at his desk while working on the word "Frucht" (fruit).
After the death of the Brothers Grimm, this work was continued by different groups of scientists. It was completed only in 1961.