Isothreading technique. "What is isonite?" Isothread: materials and tools for work

This technique of decorative and applied art, such as working with isothread, has two easy-to-perform techniques: mastering embroidery using geometric shapes - a circle and an angle. Thanks to your wide imagination and uncontrollable imagination, you can create masterpieces worthy of an exhibition hall from two figures. Paintings created using the isothread technique are an unusual gift for a loved one, an excellent addition to the interior style and just a good mood on a dull day.

Paintings created using the isothread technique are an unusual gift for a loved one

In practice, there are two types of schemes.

For a circle

1. On a sheet of thick cardboard, select a starting point - the center of the circle. Use a compass to draw a circle. To determine the equal distance between future holes, we use a protractor. We make an equal number of holes on the circle according to the markings.
2. Conventionally, we number clockwise with numbers from 1 to 16 without missing holes. Following the instructions, pass the thread in the following sequence: from purl 1 to 3, return purl to 2, from 2 to 4, back to 3, from 3 to 5, and so on until the end of the circle. The pattern is good for embroidering the outline of figured images. To create an arc, use a semicircle as the base.
3. The following pattern is made with long stitches, convenient for making ovals in the design. From designation 1 we count seven punctures, along the front side we make a stitch in the eighth. From the purl we go to the seventh and the front one we go back before the designation 1. The movement of the thread is counterclockwise. The ornament is ideal for embroidering a New Year's snowman, decorative elements in images of animals, butterfly wings and bows.
4. Now we make the same pattern with long stitches with a distance of five punctures. The center circle will be slightly larger, which makes it possible to make the internal ornament with stitches “alternately” or diagonally.

For corner

1. Draw a corner of any shape on thick cardboard from the inside out. On both sides of the figure, mark the same number of points at equal distances. Puncture the markings with a pin, 5 punctures on each side.
2. We number the points on one side from top to bottom from 1 to 5, on the other from bottom to top from 6 to 10, respectively.
3. Filling out the diagram. From point 1, stretch the thread to 6, along the purl to 7, from there the front thread to 2. Then down 3 and along the outer 8. Complete the pattern by fastening the end of the thread with a sketch to the purl 10.

Gallery: isothread (25 photos)

How to embroider a circle with isothread: master class

Making a circle with isothread requires concentration and consistency of actions.

Necessary:

• A sheet of thick cardboard;
• Iris threads, floss;
• Compass, needle, awl;
• Scissors, glue, protractor.

How to do:

1. Turn the cardboard wrong side over and draw a circle in the center with a compass. Using a protractor, accurately distribute the points around the circumference with a pencil, using a degree ruler as a basis. For example, every 10 degrees we put a designation.
2. Carefully pierce the markings with an awl. To avoid damaging the work surface, place a cloth or wooden board under the cardboard. To make the holes smaller, you can use a needle.
3. Now mentally imagine a watch dial. Where the number 12 should be, put the number 1 above the puncture, then clockwise we number all the holes with numbers.
4. Start the work with designation 1. From the wrong side of the paper, through the number 1, we stretch a needle and thread to 5 on the front side. Then to 6 from the wrong side to 2. Observing the numerical order, from the wrong side you get a seam around the circumference, from the front side - a circular pattern like a polyhedral star.
5. You cannot tie knots; when pulled together, the thread deforms and spoils the image of the painting. Secure the ends of the thread with glue.

There are options for other circle patterns:

1. A stitch equal to the diameter: Measure the center inside the figure and put a dot. Pierce a hole from the inside with an awl. Then, from purl 1 through knit to the central point, stretch the thread, return to purl 2, from it along the front to the central one and again return below to 3.
2. Equal length stitches: Mentally divide the circle into the dial. Where the number 12 should be, we retreat along the wrong side to 11, from it the front thread up to 5, along the wrong side from 5 to 4, from 4 right up to 10.

It is very important not to go astray with the sequence of symbols; before making a seam, think about the location of further numbers.

Isothread embroidery on nails for preschoolers step by step: how to do it

Such crafts look impressive, creating visual volume by raising the thread above the surface of the base.

You will need:

• Small carnations with caps;
• Floss threads;
• Wooden board or plywood sheet;
• Drawing template, hammer.

Such crafts look impressive, creating visual volume by raising the thread above the surface of the base.

How to do:

1. Having chosen a drawing for your future masterpiece (print out new diagrams), secure it with a strip of tape on the work surface.
2. To maintain the exact distance between nails, use a pencil to mark the base. Drive nails at the points of the contour boundaries. Remove the drawing.
3. Form a loop at the end of the thread, place it over the nail of the first corner, and twist it around the fastener. Then stretch it diagonally to the opposite stud. The isothread technique on nails allows you to form a pattern both in a certain sequence of thread application, and in a chaotic manner.
4. Work in a clockwise direction without disturbing the order of the threads.

At the end of the execution, secure the end of the thread with glue.

Isothread: star for children

You will need:

• A sheet of thick paper;
• Iris threads or floss;
• Pencil, ruler;
• Needle, awl.

What to do:

1. Draw a symmetrical star on the wrong side of the sheet. Let's take the top ray of the star as the initial basis of the drawing. Let us conventionally denote the apex point of the ray by the letter A. From the designation downwards along the sides of the angle, count an even number of points. For example, five on each side, for a total of ten. Let's denote them by numbers from left to right.
2. Make holes with an awl where the points are marked. The result is a drawing diagram.
3. From the inside of the 9th point, stretch the thread to the top of A. Then from A return to 2nd and down to the 7th point. Accordingly, from 7 to 5 we move along the wrong side, along the front side from 5 to 4. From 4 to 6 down the wrong side. From 6 to 3 on the front, from 3 to 1 on the back and to 8. From 8 to 10 and to top A. Using this scheme, make all the rays of the star step by step.
4. After finishing the embroidery of the corners, you can come up with an original image in the middle of the star. For example, here we use the technique of embroidery of equal length stitches.

Just keep in mind the obligatory nuance - to prevent mixing of graphic styles of the drawing, it would be more advisable to make some deviation from the pierced holes of the original image.

How to make a snowflake using isothread

The snowflake pattern will be very easy for inquisitive and restless needlewomen.

The thread graphic of the image is a circle or square, covered with thread from the middle to the edges. Here the size of the seam can be varied, for example, make one larger, that is, outside the figure, the next seam is smaller, respectively, not reaching the edges of the image.

When starting to work on a snowflake, your child will need adult help. Draw a square on a piece of paper with a central point O inside. From it we measure segments of equal distance to the edge of the figure and beyond, alternating one at a time. In the marked places we put designations from 1 to 10. From 1 we pull the thread to O, then from O to 2, from 2 to 3 and back to the central point. If you follow the sequence of the pattern, you get a small snowflake in the picture. After finishing the drawing, use an eraser to erase the square shape with light movements.

The snowflake pattern will be very easy for inquisitive and restless needlewomen

The second version of snowflake embroidery involves covering the contours of the design with a stitch “every other” (1-3,2-4). Inside the contours, you can decorate the image with beads or sequins, weaving them into the stitches.

The idea of ​​making a snowflake using the principle of corner embroidery is more complex. You will need:

• Cardboard or velvet paper;
• Scheme of an octagonal snowflake (from the Internet);
• Colored threads of wool, acrylic, iris;
• Pin, needle, tape, paper clips.

How to do:

1. Attach the drawing diagram to the cardboard with paper clips, and use a pin to pierce holes along the image.
2. Conventionally, we number the angle of the snowflake, number one is the end of the segment from the beginning of the angle, then down to the beginning of the angle. The other side of the number from bottom to top, for convenience, we denote from 9 to 1.
3. We make the first seam from the wrong side 1, securing the tail with tape. From 1 we go down with a thread to 9, return to 8 on the same side and to 2 on the next side of the corner. Fill the corner sequentially, without disturbing the order of the threads.
4. Follow this principle to complete the remaining corners of the snowflake.

Monkey isothread

To make an image of a monkey you need:

• Threads for embroidery or floss, iris in appropriate shades;
• Colored cardboard (lawn green), a sheet of thick paper;
• Needle, scissors, glue, pencil, pin.

How to do:

1. For the picture you need to take a drawing of a monkey. You can copy it using a carbon copy from a coloring book or find it on the Internet.
2. To make the drawing have a reverse side, copy the monkey’s figure through the glass. Transfer the inverted image through carbon paper to the back of the background cardboard.
3. Pierce the contours of the figure with a pin.
4. Embroider the tummy, inner parts of the paws, ears with yellow thread like a circle. We sew the contours of the pattern with brown threads using an alternate stitch. The peculiarity of this stitch is that the distance between its beginning and end is one puncture. That is, if we conditionally divide the punctures by numbering, we get a stitch length of 2 -4, skip 3, skip 5-7, skip 6. In the second circle we grab the missed holes, skipping 2, 4, 5, 7 respectively.
5. We embroider the nose and eyes with black thread.

You can add decorative elements to the picture, for example, embroider a ball next to the monkey with beads or make eyes in the form of black buttons.

Isothread is filament graphics. It is also known as cardboard embroidery. But you can’t always use cardboard as a base; velvet paper or just thick paper is also perfect. Isothread is also called isographs or embroidery on cardboard. At first glance, creativity seems complicated, but in reality it is very, very simple. Our article about a master class in isothread technique is useful for beginning needlewomen and will teach you how to perform isothread patterns for children.

The threads used can be any: sewing, floss, colored silk. Which ones are on hand and which ones you want. This technique was first invented by English weavers. They formed patterns by driving nails into a wooden plank. At first these were simple abstractions, which later developed into real works of art. Nowadays, the technology is simple and understandable for children and adults. Often in children's institutions, the isothread technique is taught to improve fine motor skills, develop attention and spatial imagination.

We study the technique of making isothread with your own hands for beginners

For beginners, as a rule, numbers are applied to the diagrams. Arabic numbers indicate the sequence of piercing actions, i.e. from 1 to 2, from 2 to 3, etc. Pictures of already completed work with numbers are provided below. Roman numerals indicate that you should sew the shapes with several stitches of different lengths. The length is indicated by lines, and a Roman numeral is placed next to the line, indicating the sequence of stitches. The directions of the arrows will show which direction you will need to move while performing the element. A thin line on the inside of the element will indicate the length of the stitch.

Children really like this technique. Once you make one figure, you will understand how to make everything.

Technique for filling a circle with isothread

Schemes with numbers for beginners, as well as pictures of already completed work are provided in our master class. So let's begin. We take a base, it can be cardboard, and draw a circle with a compass. There is no compass, you can take what you have at hand, for example, circle the lid of something.

We number the parts, like a clock, from 1 to 12, pierce holes on the reverse side under each number, and begin to embroider according to the principle 1-4, 5-2, 3-6, 7-4, i.e. embroider clockwise. Get to the embroidered fragment and continue filling the circle. You get triangles. For example, 1-5-9, 2-6-10, etc.

You end up with intersecting triangles. And if the circle is divided not into 12, but into 8 parts, then you can embroider each corner separately and you will get a star or a cobweb. This will turn out to be a complex technique.

Angle technique

We draw an angle on cardboard, numbering the sides of the angle without taking into account the vertex. If the first side of the corner from top to bottom went from 1 to 20, then the second side will go in a mirror image, from 20 to 1. Next, we pierce holes on the back side of the cardboard at the points that we numbered and begin to sew according to the same principle as and circle. 1-2, from 2-3, etc.

Making a fox: a master class for joint handicrafts with children

Due to its simplicity and theme, this scheme is perfect for children. If a primary school child wants to do embroidery, it is better for an adult to prepare the embroidery pattern.

To complete this we will need:

• Thick green cardboard base
• Colored paper
• Scissors
• Light and orange threads
• Needle – a pin with a colored eye or an awl. It’s convenient for them to make holes on cardboard.

Let's get started. Using a needle, make holes on the cardboard on the reverse side of the embroidery, in a mirror image in relation to the design.

Sew the body of the chanterelle with orange threads using the “circle” technique; sew the legs in the same way using colored threads. The tips can be made with light threads, the remaining space can be made orange, like the body. Embroider the ears and muzzle using the “corner” technique, using color transitions. To complete the picture, cut out the eyes and nose from colored paper and glue.

Making dandelions: disassembling the technique with diagrams and descriptions

We draw dandelions from the picture onto paper, dividing the leaves and flowers at once.

Transfer the design to the back of the black velvet paper background.

We will embroider each part of the ball using the “circle” technique; for this we will need white threads. We divide the circle into parts from the wrong side, each part will be approximately 0.5 cm, make holes with a pin, and start embroidering.

This is one finished ball.

We embroidered the balls.

If you wish, you can stitch the edges of the dandelion, but then it will not be airy.

Next, we embroider the leaves using the already learned “angle” technique. To do this, we draw each piece of leaf (the space between the veins) from the wrong side into corners and divide it into segments, each 0.5 cm. Then we pierce and stitch again.

All that remains for us is to make the veins and stems. They need to be embroidered with a darker thread. We divide the stems into segments of 1 cm each, number them in order, then embroider according to the principle: we exit at 1, enter at 3, 2-4, etc. The stems have been embroidered and the dandelions are ready.

Ministry of Education of the Republic of Bashkortostan

municipal educational budgetary institution

administration of the urban district of Neftekamsk

secondary school No. 12

ABSTRACT ON TECHNOLOGY ON THE TOPIC: “DECORATIVE AND APPLIED ARTS. ISONIT"

Abstract prepared by:

student of grade 8b MOBU secondary school No. 12

Tyurin Alexey

student of grade 7b MOBU secondary school No. 12

Talipova Halima

Leaders:

Kamalova K.F.

technology teacher MOBU secondary school No. 12,

additional education teacher

Gabova E.N.

Neftekamsk

1. Title page page 1

3. Introduction page 3

4. Main part page 5

4.1. Isothread page 5

4.2 History of isothread p. 5

4.2.History today page 5

4.3. Basic techniques and tools page 6

4.3.1. Filling a corner page 7

4.3.2. Filling the circle page 8

4.3.3. Filling out various shapes page 9

4.3.4. Filling the arc page 10

4.3.5. Filling the spiral page 10

4.3.6. Incomplete filling of the oval page 11

4.4. About color page 11

4.5. Variety of isothreads page 12

4.6. Isothread on disks page 13

4.7. Application of the program Korel Draw page 13

4.8. Using the KOMPAS program page 14

4.9 Isothread in clothing decor p. 15

4.10. Isothread in the interior p. 15

4.11. Tips page 15

5. Final part p. 16

6. Literature page 17

INTRODUCTION

During technology lessons, girls study in their office, and boys in their workshop. But we were united by our love for arts and crafts. “Isothread” - thread drawing, thread graphics, thread printing - these are a few names for this type of art. Isothread is a graphic design made with threads stretched in a certain order on a solid base.

Isothread is liked by both boys and girls. Girls embroider flowers and parrots, boys embroider space rockets and, of course, cars. The works of boys and girls differ not only in the themes of the drawings, but also in the technique of execution.

We became interested in isothread; we were attracted by its simplicity of execution and originality. I liked the fact that the isothread technique does not require expensive materials - only bright colored threads, wire and a hard backing.

We wanted to learn more about this creativity, so we began to study additionally in a circle. In lessons and classes in the circle, we learned that this type of art allows you to create paintings, panels, postcards, bookmarks, covers for books and textbooks and other products from threads and wire on a solid basis (cardboard, board, chipboard, disks and much more). other), where the thread or wire is pulled in a certain sequence.

On instructions from the managers, we selected drawings and diagrams to perform practical work and saw that this technique can be applied and used in interior design as well.

There is a lot of material about isothread in books and on the Internet. We wanted to learn more about this wonderful art form. And we decided to combine all known methods of performing work depending on the base material. Our essay is an attempt to talk about all types of isothread and show what kind of work we can already do.

The passion for isothread united us and our goal became:

Try to collect as much material as possible about this type of arts and crafts;

Come up with new options for graphic designs and create new compositions and ornaments;

Expand creativity by moving from simple to complex. We already know a lot, but there is still more to learn.

To achieve the goal, we need to conduct research on the possibilities of using the isothread technique in the production of works, and improve the skills of practical work in the isothread technique.

We began our acquaintance with isothread technology with publications in the magazine “School and Production” and methodological developments by managers. When making our first works, we used the compositions and ornaments proposed in the book “The Magic Thread” by Lilia Burundukova. We also used articles and materials published in the book of Minsk professor G.A. Branitsky “Paintings from colored threads and nails” and the book by Nagibina M.I. “Do-it-yourself fabric miracles.”

Now this art is practiced in many countries of the world (England, USA, Denmark, Australia, etc.). Analyzing the available information on the Internet, we learned that many books are published on this type of needlework, there are step-by-step instructions and albums of ideas.

The most frequently published and translated books by Erica Fortgens. It has its own brand and produces all materials and tools for embroidery on paper: backing mat, dot piercers, photocopies of designs, copper reusable design templates and various papers. In her works, Erica Fortgens additionally uses the applique of origami elements, beads and the “wet embossing” method on paper, offering ideas for making cards, bookmarks and photo frames.

In America, students are introduced to thread design in some schools. A number of original works can be seen in museums. Paintings can be bought in stores, both ready-made and in the form of do-it-yourself kits.

In Switzerland, for example, you can buy elegant postcards (made on thick paper with silk threads) at charity sales at monasteries.

The art is

to find the extraordinary in

ordinary and ordinary

in the extraordinary.

Isothread

Isothread is a very interesting and fascinating technique. It attracts with its simplicity of execution and originality. The isothread technique does not require expensive materials - only bright colored threads and a solid base.

At first glance, it seems that the thread design technique is complex and mastering it requires incredible effort. In reality, everything is much simpler. We are confident that anyone can master this handicraft, and then invent and create interesting compositions.

The term “thread design” (thread graphics or isothread) is used in Russia, in English-speaking countries the phrase “embroidery on paper” is used - embroidery on paper or Form-A-Lines - forms from lines, the same thing, but in French - broderie sur papier. In German-speaking countries the term is “pickpoints”. We provide terms so that it is better to search on the Internet, using foreign resources.

History of isothread

The origins of this creativity came from the masters of England. They worked in the following way: they hammered nails into a flat wooden board, onto which they then pulled threads in a certain sequence. The result was openwork lace products that were used to decorate the home. (A version arose that these works were some kind of sketches for patterns on fabric). The result was openwork lace products that were used to decorate homes, household items, interior decoration, and for making gifts and souvenirs.

Isothread today

Nowadays, velvet paper is more often used - it has a ready-made color background and texture. Colored cardboard and sandpaper are also used. The sandpaper has sufficient density and does not tighten with thread when pulled. In addition, sandpaper has a very noble color scheme. The work looks especially impressive if the colors of the threads are chosen in contrast to the base. You can use different threads: simple bobbin, wool and silk, garus and floss, lurex, iris, etc. Gold and silver threads will look great on gift and greeting souvenirs.

Modern consumables make it possible to obtain very beautiful and effective products. Work can be performed not only on new materials, but also on waste ones. These are CDs, plastic camping plates and much more that a person’s imagination is capable of.

Interest in filament graphics appeared and then disappeared. One of the peaks of popularity was at the end of the 19th century. Books on needlework were published, which described an unusual method of embroidery on paper, simple and easy, accessible even to small children. The work used perforated cards (ready-made templates) and the technique of filling the corner, “cross” and “stalk” stitches (for embroidering curves). Using a minimum of funds, anyone (and most importantly children) could make fancy souvenirs for the holidays.

Thread paintings are original, beautiful and effective. They cause delight and surprise. At different times of the day and from different places, paintings are perceived and looked completely differently. This is one of the significant features, due to the peculiar nature of the absorption, reflection and scattering of light by shiny threads, the places where the threads intersect and the background on which they are made. This should be kept in mind when choosing a place where the picture will hang.

In the case when the work is done on a board, the threads when making paintings are replaced with thin, better silver wire. This gives newness to work and creativity. In a simplified version, this technique is performed as embroidery on cardboard and is called chord embroidery, or threadography. Such paintings are very impressive, causing delight and surprise. Creating panels made using this technique has become an increasingly popular activity in recent years. Having mastered the technique and having the desire, the design in the painting can be supplemented with bead embroidery or fabric appliqué. But it is still recommended to start with threads. This makes subsequent work easier.

The successor of the traditions of folk craftsmen of England is Doctor of Chemistry, Professor, Dean of the Faculty of Chemistry of the Belarusian State University - GENNADY ALEKSEEVICH BRANITSKY

He calls paintings made using the thread design technique alive. Their distinctive feature is that they are not painted with an artist’s brush, but are made from decorative nails intertwined with bright colored silk threads.

When carefully examining such paintings at different times of the day under different lighting and from different distances, they are visually perceived differently due to the changing conditions of light reflection from nail heads and threads. And every time they attract attention in a new way with their unique color scheme.

Gennady Alekseevich has wonderful paintings “Solar Angel”, “Sail of Love”, “Belarusian Motif” and many others. We read about this interesting person in the magazine “Science and Life” No. 12 for 2004.

Basic techniques and tools

The technique of performing isothread is simple. To master it, it is enough to know two basic techniques:

Corner fill; - filling the circle.

and additionally filling the arc, oval, spiral.

To work, you must have the following tools: 1. pencil - sharpened, TM (colored pencils are useful for sketches); 2. ruler - even, smooth, at least 30-40 cm long, with clearly marked divisions (it is good to use a transparent ruler with bright black markings), markings should be in centimeters, not inches;

3 compass - needed to study the principle of filling a circle, it is better to immediately teach you to use a good tool, since the compass will be useful for work in the future;

4. templates (at the first stage they are made by the teacher) and stencils (ready-made images of various geometric shapes: polygons, circles, ovals, ellipses, etc.);

5. needles with a large eye (the needle number depends on the thickness of the cardboard and threads, as well as the distance between the points);

An awl (will leave large holes) or a pin with a head on the end for piercing points;

6. nails (furniture, decorative, ordinary)

7. hammer

8. a lining made of dense material so as not to spoil the surface of the table during piercing (you can pierce in weight, slightly lifting the cardboard and measuring the piercing force);

9. scissors;

10.protractor;

Isothread technique - corner filling

Let's talk about the corner filling technique:

1. Draw an angle.

2. Each side of the angle must be divided into equal segments. The number of segments on the sides of the angle must be equal.

3. We make punctures at all points except 27.

4. From the wrong side, the thread is inserted into point 1 and lowered to point 26

The angle can be any: straight, acute, obtuse (Fig. 1). Stitching of any corner is carried out from the edge to the top, on the other side - from the top of the corner to the edge (in the diagrams the direction of movement to the puncture sites is shown by arrows).

If the angle is unequal, then the number of puncture sites should still be the same on both sides of the angle.

Isothread technique - filling the circle

Filling a circle is also done according to the rule for filling an angle. You just need to remember that the execution of work has a mirror image. We fill the circle on the wrong side clockwise, on the front side it will be counterclockwise. You can experiment with the circle. Combining them in various ways creates what is called art.

Let's talk about the technique of filling a circle:

1. First, the circle must be divided into an even number of equal parts;

2. Then select any chord of the circle. For example, 9-24;

Filling various shapes

To better understand the technology of filling geometric shapes, let’s consider filling the “bow” and “ladder” shapes.

For products with a complex structure, you can use shapes formed by incomplete stitching of circles and ovals (for example, flower petals).

To compose compositions, only angles and circles are not enough, so you need to learn how to stitch other shapes that are most often found in works. Ovals, spirals, curls and arcs are filled according to the same rules as circles.

To enhance the decorative effect, a circle or closed contour can be sewn in several stages, each time choosing a chord (stitch) of different lengths. In the diagram, the stitching stages are indicated by Roman numerals.

In order to avoid a too rectilinear shape of the element or to get rid of the lines limiting the figure along the perimeter, the first stitch (from point 1 to point 2) is laid with a shift one point forward from the top of the corner.

Filling the arc

The length of the stitches used to stitch the arc should be less than half the arc. The shorter the stitch length, the thinner the arc image.

Filling the spiral

Work begins from the starting point of the curl, the stitch length is selected from 3 to 5 punctures. Filling the spiral is done by moving towards the end point all the time in one direction.

Incomplete filling of the oval (petal).

The work begins from the sharp end of the element, and the embroidery ends there. It is better to choose the distance between two points with identical lines tangent to the bottom of the petal.

When you need to fill a figure with a fan from one point (for example, petals, buds, flowers), use the technique “filling triangles.”

About color

Creating tonal isothread is perhaps the highest level in the art of thread design. The isothread pattern must be correctly composed, correspond to the purpose of the future product, the technique of its execution, and be combined with the background and environment. It is necessary that its details be correctly and beautifully placed, and that the selected thread colors convey the volume of the depicted objects.

The whole variety of colors and color shades in nature can be divided into two groups: warm (these include all tones of yellow, orange and red) and cold (these include all shades of blue, violet and green). A harmonious combination often involves balancing warm and cold tones.

Warm colors are perceived by the eye as approaching, that is, protruding forward, and cold colors are perceived as retreating back, that is, moving away. Using this property of colors, you can enhance the relief of isothread details, make the pattern clearer, and convey the volume of shapes. The background for thread graphics should be receding, and for isothread designs it is preferable to use protruding tones.

There are also such concepts as lightness and heaviness of color. Heavy colors are most often dark, rich, and warm; light – light, cold, perceived as airy.

The rules of composition require that the bottom of the picture be heavier than the top. Isothread must maintain the regularity of the relationship of color parts and the overall balance of color - color harmony. The overall balance of color is achieved by such a ratio of all colors and tones, which is subordinate to the general (average) tone. In multi-color patterns, colors such as red are combined well with yellow, gray, brown, beige and orange; - green - with yellow and dark yellow, lemon, cream, orange and brown; - purple – with lilac, pink, yellow, white; - brown – with all shades of yellow, green, red, orange, lilac and silver-white.

However, it should be remembered that the design pattern looks better not when absolutely the entire space is filled with threads, but when the background is visible between the stretched threads.

Experience shows that the color yellow in a painting against a dark background is perceived as cheerful and invigorating; white – hygienic, but classified as cold; red and orange – very lively, warm; green and blue, although they are considered cold, are very pleasant to perceive; brown – calm but boring.

A painting looks more impressive if it has a dominant color: warm or cold, light or dark, or a reasonable combination of them.

Red, yellow and orange are considered festive colors, apparently not by chance. It has long been noted that the color red increases a person’s activity and reaction speed: blood pressure and breathing rate increase. The effect of orange is somewhat softer. The perception of black color is the opposite: pulse, blood pressure and breathing slow down. Blue color reduces reaction speed, pulse, blood pressure, and breathing rate. Green has fewer similar negative indicators.

There is evidence that colors can influence a person's temperament. Under the influence of cold blue-green shades, a choleric person can become almost phlegmatic, and a phlegmatic person can be “warmed up” with warm red color.

Taking into account the above, there is reason to believe that the picture made can in some way influence the mood of those who show interest in it.

Many interesting types of needlework were known several centuries ago. So it is with isothread - it is believed that the technique of creating designs on a solid base using threads first appeared in England quite a long time ago. English craftsmen hammered nails into wooden planks and wound multi-colored threads around the nails, creating a specific pattern.

Today, string graphics have again become widespread. Only to make work easier, thick cardboard is used instead of wood.

Isothread: materials and tools for work

To work you will need:

Base (wooden or cardboard board),

Threads (can be completely different, from thick wool to bright floss),

A needle with an eye of sufficient diameter (to fit your thread),

• Styrofoam.

In addition to the basic ones, you may also need auxiliary tools and materials, including a beautiful backing (plain fabric, leather, etc.), glue, tape, an awl, safety pins, and additional accessories that can be used to decorate the finished panel. Sometimes a thread pattern can be formed around a base in the form of a brooch, a wooden house, several animal figures, etc.

Cardboard- the simplest foundation, ideal for beginners. It is not necessary to look for any special types of cardboard; you can buy regular colored cardboard at a regular stationery store or hypermarket. Take several packs of cardboard of different densities (indicated in grams per square meter). The thicker the cardboard, the thicker the needle and thread you will need to use.

You can experiment with velvet backings (there is even velvet cardboard), but if the material is too thin, it will be awkward to work with. In this case, ordinary PVA glue will help you out, which can be used to glue a sheet of ordinary white cardboard to the base. This will make your work much easier.

Similarly, you can glue fabric onto cardboard.

Threads can be not just different, but different even within the same panel. For example, you embroider a spruce with thick fluffy threads, and snowflakes with thin ones. Please note that in this case you will need several different needles, with different eye sizes.

You can even start embroidering with ordinary threads sold on spools. But usually craftswomen stop at “Floss” or “Iris” as the main ones, using other varieties as necessary to complement the image.

Ruler and compass in work they are needed in order to apply isothread (schemes of future images) to the base of the picture. The most popular schemes are based on a circle, square, and angle.

One of the main activities that make up the work of a craftswoman is piercing holes in the base. Despite its apparent simplicity, this requires skill and caution; there is a chance of pricking your fingers or damaging the surface of your desktop. This is where the sheet comes to the rescue foam plastic. It is desirable that it be the size of the future painting or a little larger. It is placed on the base. You can also use a towel folded several times. But dense (extruded) foam is still the most convenient option.

Scotch useful for securing threads on the wrong side. Not every knot will stick well to the cardboard and there is not always enough thread left to tie it. Scotch tape (good, sticky tape) does the job just fine.

Awl will help pierce thick cardboard or leather. It is not always convenient to do this with thread, especially if you decide to use thin threads and choose a needle to match them.

Basic techniques in isothread technique

Actually, over the centuries of the existence of this technique, only two basic figures and two methods of filling them were invented - a circle and a square (right angle). Let's take a closer look at them.

We use a compass. Using it, we draw a circle of the diameter you need on the base. It is better to let it be a small circle if you are just getting acquainted with the technique. Next, imagine that this circle is a watch dial. Place marks in the places where numbers are usually placed on the dial. In total, you will have 12 marks. Make holes in them with an awl. Number them.

So, we thread the needle through hole number one from the wrong side.

Important! You can connect any points of the circle in accordance with your (or someone else’s, if you use a ready-made diagram) idea, but so that the distance between the two connected points is always less than the diameter of the circle. That is, using our picture as an example, you cannot connect the numbers 12 and 6, 3 and 9, 11 and 5, etc.

This technique is used as the basis for many beautiful embroideries. See picture below.

Or like this:

Here you will need a ruler. With its help, an acute, right or obtuse angle is drawn. As with a circle, its sides are divided into equal sections where holes are made. They must be paired, even if one side of the corner is longer than the other.

There is no hole made at the top of the corner. The holes are numbered starting from the top. The thread is threaded from the wrong side. Next - according to your scheme.

The easiest option for beginners:

Again, filling a corner using the isothread technique cannot be done in such a way that opposite points located at an equal distance from the top of the corner are connected.

If you embroider flowers using the iso-thread technique, then you cannot do without this technique. The fan consists of a segment over which an arc is drawn at some distance. The purpose of the technique is to connect the holes on the segment with the holes on the arc, obtaining a beautiful petal. For an example, see the diagram:

The holes on the arc are made at an equal distance from each other. They begin to pull the thread from the first puncture in the arc (number 1).

This is how not only leaves are formed, but also petals and buds.

You can also use an arc-shaped pattern for floral ornaments. A part of a circle is drawn for it. Next, the holes are connected with thread so that the distance between them is less than half of the embroidered arc. Look at the diagram:

As always, the distance between the holes should be equal.

A spiral is embroidered using a similar pattern:

It is important to embroider it in one direction.

And this is how a droplet is embroidered using the iso-thread technique:

The basis for this is an arc and two segments. Embroidery begins at one end and ends at the other.

Isothread technique: some secrets of needlework

If the chord (the distance between two connected points in a circle) is made as large as possible, then the circle will end up being maximally filled with threads.

An interesting pattern is obtained if the circle is sewn twice - with one color of thread with a small chord, and the other with a large chord.

When embroidering a circle from the front side to the back side, we get a star.

If you want to get a corner embroidered with strokes, embroider it from the wrong side. Then the front one will look the same, but shaded.

To secure the knots and the entire design as a whole, after finishing the embroidery you need to seal the base from the wrong side with a thick sheet of paper.

Picture using isothread technique step by step with numbers: goldfish. Step-by-step master class for children

Even a child can do such a simple drawing. In general, the isothread technique for children is extremely useful: it develops fine motor skills, imagination, and perseverance. Of course, you can embroider a complex fish. But for kids, we recommend using this simple scheme:

What you will need

From tools and materials you will need:

Medium density colored cardboard,

• A simple pencil.

Progress

Step 1. Place dots on the cardboard as indicated in the diagram.

You will end up with something like this:

Step 2. Use a thin awl to make holes in the cardboard, according to the drawn diagram.

Step 3. Using a thread of the same color, sew the lower ornament (sea waves) according to the pattern.

In the end it should look like this:

Step 4. Let's start embroidering the fish. To do this, we sew a circle using the standard technique. Like this:

Step 5. In the final stage, we sew the tail, mouth and fin of the fish:

To make it look more natural, don’t forget to draw an eye on the fish.

There is nothing complicated about the Easter theme. The main thing is to choose the right patterns in the isothread technique, some of which are so simple that you can use them to create isothread crafts, which are often asked to be made for kindergarten or school.

Panel “Chicken and Egg”

The finished image looks like this:

Postcard for Easter “Lukoshka with eggs”

Embroidery pattern:

You can make isonite on disks. There is this cute Easter themed craft:

The diagram (chip) looks like this:

Embroidering a heart on cardboard is easy, and the result can be a unique DIY valentine.

The finished image will look like this:

You need to embroider according to this pattern:

As you can see, the numbering of the holes in the upper part of the heart starts from the center, and at the bottom we bypass the corner element - there the holes diverge to the sides from the center, the center itself is not numbered.

Overall, you should have an even number of holes to be able to connect them in pairs.

We start stitching from the inside out, threading the needle through number 1 (see diagram).

As you continue working, your valentine will look like this:

When you are done with this diagram, you will need to do the following to complicate the drawing:

From the wrong side, where the thread will be at the end of the work, thread it into the hole numbered 47. From there - to 48. Then to 49 and so on until the end.

It will turn out like this:

Another version of the scheme

What’s good about a heart is that if you cut its edges using curly scissors, you don’t have to use a needle, wrapping the part with threads. It is simpler, faster and more convenient than the classic iso-threading technique.

As a result, you will get a heart like this:

Required tools and materials:

Red and white cardboard,

Threads of medium thickness red, pink and black,

Curly scissors for cutting out the edges of a Valentine card,

Regular scissors

Simple pencil,

• Accessories for decoration (rhinestones, beads, beads, satin ribbons, etc.).

Progress

To make the heart even and neat, it is better to cut it out using a ready-made template, of which there are plenty on the Internet. You need to cut out the outlined template using curly scissors.

Now, with ordinary scissors, in the places of the “wave” we make cuts with ordinary scissors. See picture.

We turn our workpiece over to the wrong side and secure the thread there with tape.

We transfer the thread to the front side. We begin to wrap the heart, threading the thread through the notches. We work according to this scheme:

When the work according to the pattern is completed, we turn the heart inside out again and fasten the end of the thread there. On the front side you can decorate the heart with rhinestones and other decorations.

You can do the winding like this:

Fantasize, and the result will certainly exceed your expectations.

This type of decorative and applied art has different names, but is always clear. Thread design, thread graphics - this is the technique of isothread or image with thread. It is generally accepted that the technique originated in England in the 17th century and was a creative invention of weavers. The first products were small boards stuffed with small nails and stretched threads. The result was an openwork pattern with strict geometric lines; ready-made planks with patterns decorated the home. Nowadays this is primarily embroidery on cardboard or thick paper. As for finished products, postcards, as well as bookmarks, covers and decorative panels are most often made using the isothread technique.

At first glance at the photo, many may think that embroidery on paper and/or cardboard is an incredibly difficult task. Of course, as in any needlework, beginners are unlikely to immediately be able to create an intricate motif or complex composition. However, there are only two main schemes of work: filling a corner and filling a circle. Those who already have some experience in this type of decorative and applied art will be able to see the same basic embroidery motifs in any product without much difficulty. So, in general, the technique can be considered relatively simple: it is no coincidence that in some countries of the world they are seriously considering the possibility of studying isothread as part of the school curriculum, and in our country, schools often organize clubs for this type of needlework.

What is needed for isothread embroidery

Those who see for the first time what list of materials and tools will be required for work may perhaps be a little scared. In fact, all the materials and tools are simple and will probably be found in any home where at least sometimes they sew, knit or embroider something. Therefore, even for beginners, preparation for work will not take much time. First about the tools:

Materials for isothread will have to be studied in more detail.

The basis

One of the best base options is thick, uniform colored cardboard. For beginners, the choice of base is especially important: in low-density cardboard, holes punched for embroidery can break through and connect with neighboring ones under the influence of thread tension. Especially thick and dense cardboard will be required for embroidery with gimp. It is better to embroider on velvet paper after gaining some experience: such a base has a relatively low density, and to embroider on it you need to be able to accurately select the thickness and tension of the thread. But works on velvet paper sometimes look simply luxurious.

Some artists use watercolor paper as a base. This material has high density and an interesting texture. There is an opinion that wool embroidery can be quite successful when working on watercolor paper. True, most often wool as a material for isothread is rejected (more on this later).

Threads

Isothread masters almost unanimously admit that embroidery with floss or iris is the easiest and looks the most successful. These shiny threads look great in the finished product. However, there are some contradictions in the recommendations for choosing threads. For example, many people believe that embroidery with woolen threads is only possible at the learning stage. The same can often be heard about cotton embroidery. When pulled through the warp, such threads can become frayed, fluffy, and the texture of the finished work will turn out fleecy and fuzzy. That is why embroidery with wool and cotton is considered an unsuitable option. In addition, the so-called fancy yarn is completely unsuitable for working in the iso-thread technique. For example, boucle or mohair are intended exclusively for knitting. And thin silk cords, often called chenille (another name is chenille), have a special twisted texture and are also not suitable for embroidery on cardboard. Moreover, chenille has its own needlework technique.

Gimp embroidery on cardboard is practiced quite rarely. If you want to work with this type of thread, it is recommended to select a thin and soft thread, otherwise the embroidery simply will not work.

Twisted threads are considered ideal for work, regardless of the pattern, complexity and type of warp.

Initial training

Embroidery on cardboard requires mastering only two basic techniques. These are corner filling and circle filling. Each of these techniques, in turn, exists in many variations. The angle can be right, obtuse or acute, and the technique of filling a circle is also used for ovals. Partially filled corners and circles give the appearance of various arcs, curves and irregular shapes.

Wool embroidery, despite the controversial attitude towards this type of thread, is an excellent way of learning and training. You can finally use up those boring leftover yarns.

Corner Filling

For beginners, the first technique mastered in isothreading should be filling the corner. Filling patterns may differ in degree of angle and length of sides, but there are general rules:

1. First you need to draw any angle on the cardboard;
2. Divide each side of the corner into equal sections and pierce the same number of holes;
3. Do not pierce a hole at the top of the corner.

Corner embroidery begins at a point on either side opposite the vertex. For ease of work, all points should be marked with numbers: top - 0, then to the ends of the segments - in increasing order.

The photo diagram shows various options for filling the corner.

Filling a circle

The training option for beginners is a circle marked like a clock with numbers from 1 to 12. The work proceeds according to the following scheme:

• 1 – 5 (front side);
• 5 – 6 (wrong side);
• 6 – 2 (front side);
• 2 – 3 (wrong side);
• 3 – 7 (front side) and so on.

When filling the circle with threads, chords are “drawn” sequentially. Schemes for filling the circle can be different. A circle with a small number of holes will give a more openwork pattern. With a large number of holes, you will get a more filled and visually more complex pattern. Using a photo, you can easily figure out how to fill the circle.

Decor

When embroidery on cardboard is ready, you can design it in different ways. The main thing is to hide the wrong side. All purl stitches must first be glued or secured with tape. If the product is a separate motif, it can be glued onto larger cardboard, so that the protruding edges form a frame. The postcard can be designed in the same way. You can also use regular frames with glass. Design tips can be found in numerous photos.

Handicrafts using the isothread technique are great for both adults and children.

Video: basics of isothread technique