Wash a 3 month old baby. The best time to bathe a child, the duration of bathing a child is up to a year. When to start bathing

24.04.2024 -

Physical development.

Weight gain in the third month of life should be 700–800 g. Height increases by an average of 2.5 cm. According to average indicators, the head volume in boys at three months is approximately 40.9 cm, and the chest volume is 41.5 cm While in girls these indicators are somewhat smaller: the volume of the head and chest of a three-month-old girl is 40 cm. At this time, the strengthening of the child’s musculoskeletal system continues. The central nervous system is improved. The baby's bones are very fragile and susceptible to external influences. Parents must be extremely careful when handling the baby so as not to harm him. For example, tight swaddling or improper positioning of the baby can lead to bone deformities. By the end of the third month, the physiologically increased muscle tone of the child disappears. The child is capable of some conscious movements; his arms, legs, neck and torso become more mobile. Reaches for toys, unclenches fingers. The baby can grab the rattle and pull it towards him. In the parents' arms in an upright position, the baby holds his head well. He freely turns his head in all directions. The baby examines his hands, watches their movement, and brings them to his face.

Psycho-emotional development.

A child at the age of three months reacts well to sound: he can determine where it is coming from and turns towards it. The baby listens to his mother when she talks to him. The baby can already smile, recognizes his mother’s voice, and can express his emotions, desires and dissatisfaction with sounds. The child tries to raise his head when lying on his back. If you put him on his tummy, he begins to rise up on his elbows. The child develops grasping movements with his hands. He follows the movement of the mobile above the bed, tries to reach out and grab it. The baby peers at the toys. Large patterns attract his attention. The child observes the object that interests him, lying on his back, on his stomach, on his side, while being in the arms of his parents.

A healthy baby can rest his feet on the surface if supported under his arms. At the same time, his legs are bent at the hip joint. The baby changes positions while sleeping. The child can follow with his eyes moving parents and pets. The baby listens to the sounds. The baby smiles when he sees his mother's face. At three months he can walk. Can imitate the voice of parents or music with sounds. The baby wants to be given full attention. To do this, he whines, smiles, screams, roars, etc. He may show his dissatisfaction if they stopped communicating with him, if his toy was taken away, or if something bothers him. The baby flinches when he hears a sharp sound. Listens to sounds. He can focus on the toy for a short time. Peers into the faces of his relatives. The child tries to communicate with adults by shouting and shouting. He can walk alone with himself. At three months, the baby can drink water from a spoon. He is happy when he is bathed.

Schedule.

By the third month, the baby has already developed a sleep and wakefulness pattern. A child should sleep 16 - 17 hours a day. During the daytime, the baby sleeps approximately 4 times for 1.5 - 2 hours. It should be fed 6-7 times a day. There should be 3 - 3.5 hours between feedings. The child must be given vitamin D. The pediatrician will prescribe how and how much to give it to the child.

Walks.

You need to walk with your child a lot, up to 6 hours a day. The baby really needs fresh air. Walk in any weather. Only when the frost is below -10, pediatricians do not recommend walking with the baby. Gently accustom your child to the sun. The sun's rays help strengthen the body, since under their influence the child's skin independently produces vitamin D. Thus, the body naturally prevents rickets, anemia, and improves immunity. As a last resort, the baby can be carried in a stroller to the loggia. Just be sure to make sure that there is no draft and that the child is not exposed to direct sunlight.

Feeding.

It is very difficult to keep track of how much milk your baby eats when he is only breastfed. But it is known that a baby eats 800 - 850 g per day. That is, a child eats 120 - 140 g at a time. You can calculate the required amount of milk in another way: Divide the child’s weight by six. The result obtained is the amount of milk that the baby needs to eat. It is better to feed your baby breast milk. Mom should not forget to express the remaining milk after feeding and eat right. If you have to supplement the baby's feeding or transfer him to artificial feeding, use adapted milk formulas. Instructions for using a breast milk substitute and the age of the child at which it can be fed are written on the packaging. In addition to breast milk substitutes, the child can be given fermented milk products such as biolact, narine, acidophilus milk, matsoni, kefir, which can be found in the dairy kitchen. Store-bought kefir is not suitable for a child of this age, as it contains too many microbes. In any case, before giving your child any food, ALWAYS consult your pediatrician! From 3 months, you can give your baby a drop of fruit puree (preferably starting with apple or pear) and juice, but only no more than 2 times a day and always after feeding. The amount of juice should not exceed 25 g. Introduce the juice with a few drops and carefully monitor the child’s reaction. Fruit puree can be given 2 times a day after feeding, 3 teaspoons. It is better to start complementary feeding with applesauce.

Caring for a three month old baby.

Every morning, wipe your child’s eyes from the outer edge to the inner with a cotton swab dipped in clean water. Then wipe your entire face with another cotton swab soaked in clean water. At this age, the baby’s lacrimal glands are already functioning. Use cotton wool to clean your child's nose and ears. Nails should be cut regularly, but not short, rounded on the hands and straight on the feet. You should bathe your baby every day without soap before feeding. Water temperature – 36 – 37 degrees. Soap is used no more than 1 – 2 times a week. The baby can no longer be swaddled. Toys should be clean and easy to wash. Do not give your baby small objects or toys with sharp edges.

Editor: pediatrician Lyudmila Potapova, graduated from the pediatric faculty of SarSMU, clinical residency in infectious diseases.

Opinion of pediatrician Koval Anastasia “3 months of life”

Three months of life is the first milestone that all mothers look forward to achieving. The child has grown a little and is already capable of conscious contact with his parents. He recognizes a human face, facial expressions and voice, an adult addressing him, greets with a smile and cooing, knows how to grab rattles, tries to reach toys hanging above him, happily lies on his stomach leaning on his forearms, some already know how to roll over on their own.

Nutrition

At this age, the main source of nutrition for the baby is mother's milk. Most children do not need additional water. The feeding regimen is strictly individual and each mother-child pair develops its own. The main characteristic of normal nutrition is good weight gain, and not the time elapsed between feedings. On average it can range from 1.5 to 3.5 hours. There is no need to express the remaining milk, as its amount during natural feeding is adjusted to the baby’s needs. And excess can cause lactostasis and mastitis. If the monthly increase is insufficient, you should decide together with your doctor whether you need to supplement with formula.

Your pediatrician will also help you choose it, taking into account the baby’s characteristics.

Complementary foods are not introduced at this age. Normal gain is 800 grams (plus or minus 200).

Care

The little man's morning begins with washing. Wipe the face and eyes with clean water. The nose and ears are cleaned as they become dirty.

During the day, the child is washed with warm water and soap, always after he poops, and as necessary, but without soap. It is better to use wet wipes only when water is not available. Despite all the convenience, they still contain fragrances and other substances that are not always desirable for children's skin.

The day ends with an evening bath. It is better to bathe particularly excitable children at lunchtime.

The temperature should be 37-37.5 degrees, as the most favorable for the child’s comfortable well-being. It is worth considering that, unlike adults, the baby does not yet know how to adapt well to changing temperatures. If you want to start hardening, then you should remember the principle of regularity and gradualness in getting used to colder water. After the main bath, the child is sprayed with water at a temperature 0.5-1 degrees lower.

Walks

Walking plays a very important role in the development of a child. They help enrich the blood with oxygen and are part of hardening and getting to know the outside world.

Their duration is on average from 2 to 4 hours a day. And in good weather up to 6-7 hours.

If you can’t go outside, you can take the stroller to the balcony during the daytime nap. You should dress your baby as you would, plus one extra layer of clothing. To find out if the child is cold, you should pay attention to the nose; if it is warm, everything is in order. For walks you can use strollers, slings or kangaroos. In the latter, the child is provided not only with contact with his mother, but also with a more complete overview for gaining new impressions. Pay attention to the child's posture and the appropriate age of your portable device.

Additional classes

At this age, the child is able to perceive rhymes and music within 3-5 minutes, he is interested in toys, you can encourage the baby to reach for them, it is useful to get acquainted with various fabrics and textures, as well as sounds. If the child does not sleep during a walk, it is worth talking more about what is happening around.

At home, you should carry out hardening procedures (air baths, rubdowns), and select a complex of massage and gymnastics that matches the baby’s skills. He is usually introduced to him in the healthy child’s room in the clinic. It is also possible to combine it with nursery rhymes. Swimming is also good for the development and normalization of muscle tone.

Author of the article Anastasia Andreevna Koval,
pediatrician, graduated from the Kirov State Medical Institute, experienced mother

Date of publication: 09.20.2011
Update date: 03/16/2012.
Reproduction without an active link is prohibited!

Elena 23.06.2016 19:18
Interestingly, in one article there are two opposing recommendations, I don’t understand whether I need to pay extra or not?

Anastasia 10.06.2016 14:16
The articles are true for 2012. I wish all mothers to be adequately modern and literate.

Alina AH 04.06.2015 18:51
Irina, everyone has their own opinion on this matter!!! I agree with the opinion that it is better to feed a child up to six months only with your own milk or formula, and then only introduce complementary foods. Let’s say my mother also started giving us porridge early, so my sister grew up with gastritis. So, at first I fed my doll milk, and then the milk disappeared, I switched to Nanny’s formula and began introducing complementary foods only closer to 6 months, we are developing and growing normally, the main thing is that there are no problems with the gastrointestinal tract.

Irina 28.04.2015 22:27
Everything you write about complementary feeding and drinking at 3 months is all nonsense. I started cooking milk porridge for my baby when she was 2.5 months old and everything is fine. But what was it like before, when my mother couldn’t breastfeed, they cooked porridge the same way and everything was fine, but now doctors can’t feed porridge early, they have to feed with formula. So the mixtures are all bullshit, that’s why there can be problems

Baeva M 24.04.2015 12:17
We also fed the baby on demand. I think that feeding on a schedule is simply absurd. The baby does not eat enough and is capricious. But this only applies to breastfeeding. As for bottle-fed babies, they simply need a schedule. You really have to stand there for three hours. My sister feeds her niece Nanny's formula. The baby has enough, he is completely full from feeding to feeding.

Not all parents understand that babies need to be bathed not only to keep them clean. Moreover, in the first year of a baby’s life, washing and bathing have fundamentally different meanings for him. How to properly bathe a newborn and older baby, and why do it in principle? We'll tell you!

Bathing a baby is a special procedure that, in addition to some minor troubles, brings a lot of joy and benefit to parents and the baby. Of course, if parents approach this “warm” event with a “cool” head...

Bathing and hygiene: what's the connection?

No! Bathing a baby has nothing to do with baby hygiene. Except that water is involved in both rituals, but that’s all. You wash the baby (or wash the little one, wash the whole thing from time to time, etc.) with one sole purpose - to make it cleaner.

This usually requires: running water or special wet wipes, delicate baby soap (preferably in liquid form) and about 5 minutes of time.

But bathing is a longer, more creative and useful process. You bathe both a newborn and an older baby to:

give him a feeling of pleasure and psychological comfort (after all, he still remembers how he swam in his mother’s womb);
provide him with some necessary physical activity;
develop the baby’s communication, tactile and emotional skills;
awaken his appetite;
Finally, bathing is an excellent procedure for hardening and preventing colds.

How to bathe a newborn in the first two weeks of life

Let’s define the concepts: you can wash your baby for hygienic purposes from the very first day of his birth. But swimming in a large bathtub and in ordinary tap water is contraindicated for him.

The umbilical wound heals completely approximately 10-15 days after the birth of the child. Therefore, for the next two weeks after discharge from the maternity hospital, parents have 2 adequate options for hygiene procedures for their newborn baby:

1 A newborn baby can be bathed in a small baby bath using only boiled water. In the Western tradition, it is customary to bathe a newborn baby with a tiny soft towel - this creates a more plausible association with the mother's womb. But from a medical point of view, there are no arguments for or against this - bathe with a towel if you want, or without.

Bathing a newborn in a diaper or small towel gives him a feeling of “intrauterine comfort,” as child psychologists and neonatologists say.

2 For the first two weeks, a newborn baby does not need to be bathed in water, but simply wiped with special wet wipes.

How to bathe a newborn in tap water for the first time

Finally, the baby's umbilical wound has completely healed, and this means that the newborn baby can now be bathed in ordinary tap water. We repeat: not just wash, but rather bathe! How to do this so that both the child and parents receive maximum pleasure and benefit from the bathing process? So, you need to bathe your child:

In a large bath. A large bathtub for a baby is practically a sea-ocean: he can happily jerk his legs and arms, follow toys or grab them. The water in a large bath cools down more slowly and bathing can easily be “stretched out” to 20-30 minutes. And it is while bathing in a large bath that the baby spends a large amount of energy, which allows him to sleep soundly until the morning, gaining strength. This physical energy exchange is extremely important: it normalizes metabolism, stimulates the functioning of muscles and internal organs.

Another important argument in favor of bathing in a large bath: when the baby’s chest is immersed entirely in water (that is, the baby bathes entirely and only his head “sticks out”), then the mechanism of the breathing process itself becomes fundamentally different. In water, the baby spends exactly the same amount of energy inhaling and exhaling, as always, but his lungs open up much more. This means that they contain more oxygen than “on land”. And accordingly, more oxygen will flow from the lungs to all corners of the body, which will ensure its faster and more prosperous development and growth.

In clean water. There is no need to boil water for bathing after the umbilical wound has healed - now it is unreasonable, inconvenient and makes no sense. However, the water in which you plan to bathe your baby should be as clean as possible. If you don’t trust the water treatment system in your city, install a special cleaning filter on your tap.

In a pleasant and interesting environment. If it is difficult for you to constantly support your baby in the water with your hands, then you can easily switch him to the “free swimming” mode. For this purpose, today there are a lot of devices, such as special swimming rings for babies and hats with foam inserts. These useful inventions reliably keep the child's head afloat, but at the same time allow his body to be completely submerged in the water without any support. Hang a mobile with music and toys on the edge of the bath - so that gradually the baby learns to reach for them, and nightly bathing will become for the baby a real symbiosis of a sort of “Disneyland” and a spa - both exciting and useful!

Special inflatable rings and hats with foam inserts are real “saviors” of parents’ lower backs. Agree - even in the name of an ideal and long-lasting child bath, it is very difficult and risky to stand bend over for half an hour or more...

At what temperature should you bathe a newborn and older baby?

The temperature of the bathing water varies somewhat depending on the length of bathing experience. At the very beginning - as soon as the baby’s navel has healed and you have already prepared a regular “adult” bath for him, the optimal water temperature to start the procedure is 33-34 ° C.

Let us pay special attention - this temperature regime is suitable specifically for a large volume of water and space - when the child has the opportunity to actively move in the water, move his arms and legs, and “swim” in the arms of his parents.

If the toddler is placed in a small baby bath, where it is not possible to lift a finger, then the temperature of the bathing water should be about 36° C. However, no more than 37° C is the temperature “ceiling” for the water in which you bathe the baby.

Now again about those lucky ones whose parents allow them to swim in the “adult” bath. You can start swimming at a temperature of 33-34° C, but gradually it makes sense to lower it a little. Namely, every week you can reduce the water temperature by 1 degree. It is absolutely safe for a child, but the prevention of respiratory diseases is the most reliable.

Gradually, the temperature of the bathing water can be increased to 28-30 ° C, and in such conditions, by the age of six months, the baby will be able to spend 30-40 minutes completely comfortably and with health benefits. After a long swim in cool water, tired and well fed, the baby is almost guaranteed to sleep soundly until the morning.

When is the best time to bathe a baby?

If we are talking specifically about the procedure of bathing, and not washing - that is, about a more or less long (15-30 minutes or more) stay of the baby in the water, then it is best to carry out this event exactly before evening feeding and bedtime.

The fact is that swimming, as a fairly active form of “sport” available to a little one, takes a lot of energy from him - about the same as a 40-minute aerobic exercise in the fitness room takes from you. And just like you, after such a load, the baby, as a rule, experiences only two needs - to eat “from the belly” and to sleep.

Properly and intelligently organized bathing of a baby can provide sound, healthy sleep throughout the night not only for the baby himself, but also for his loved ones.

Already at the age of 4-5 months, with a regime of nightly long bathing (we repeat: 20-30 minutes) and a good meal before bed, the child is able to sleep soundly all night without waking up for night feeding. Which inevitably makes all parents, without exception, twice as happy.

Can a baby dive in the bathtub?

Newborn children have such a wonderful reflex - when water gets into the respiratory tract, a spasm immediately occurs in them, they overlap and the child actually cannot choke in water. Of course, if he is immersed in water for a long time, he may die from lack of oxygen - that is, in fact, the little one threatens to suffocate from lack of air, but will not choke from the abundance of water.

Simply put, there is no need to be scared if the baby accidentally turns over and “sinks” under the water, there is nothing fundamentally dangerous about it. If you quickly raise his head above the water and he can clear his throat (if there is a need) and breathe freely, then such a “dive” is considered quite physiological and ordinary. Moreover, many progressive schools and courses for young mothers and fathers specifically teach parents how to immerse their babies headlong, so that the child does not lose this valuable reflex - automatic holding of breath when water enters the respiratory tract. As a rule, children who are “taught” in this way from childhood to float freely and behave underwater without panic, learn to swim very quickly and rarely suffer from respiratory diseases.

Whether the baby should dive from time to time while swimming or not is up to the parents themselves to decide. If it is pleasant and useful (with proper supervision from adults!) for the child, but every time it causes a heart attack in the mother, then it is better not to dive at all. Not a single pediatrician will undertake to prohibit one thing or promote another. The style of home bathing is entirely at the discretion of the family. The main thing is that both the baby and the parent feel comfortable during the procedure and enjoy bathing the child.

If the baby never dives while swimming, then the breath-holding reflex fades away completely approximately 2-2.5 months after the birth of the child.

What to add to bathing water

By and large, you don’t have to add anything. An infant child can be quite successfully bathed in ordinary tap water, provided that it is more or less clean. But if you still really want to somehow “flavor” the bathing water, then it is best to use a decoction of the string. Why not potassium permanganate and a supposedly calming herb?

Potassium permanganate. Every grandma's favorite substance. But while it can also be useful for washing newborn babies, potassium permanganate is ineffective for bathing a baby in a large bath: if it is diluted to a soft pink color, then its anti-inflammatory properties are extremely small, and if diluted in concentrated form, there is a risk of “burning” » delicate mucous membrane of the eyes.

Herbal soothing mixtures. As Dr. Komarovsky often jokes, pediatric neurologists are very fond of prescribing such preparations for young mothers. They tell them that these herbs calm children before bed, but in fact they give reasons for self-soothing... for mothers themselves! E.O. Komarovsky: “If a child has neurological problems, then no herbs, alas, will help him, even if he is “rinsed” in them around the clock. And if there are no problems as such, then there is no point in collecting fees.” One way or another, there is not yet a single serious study that has confirmed that a certain herb added to water for calming would bring truly tangible results.

A series. Perhaps this is the most useful “seasoning” for infant bathing. It has a certain antibacterial and healing effect, but is completely safe for the baby’s delicate mucous membranes. And if there is any point in adding something to the water before bathing a baby, it would be a decoction of the string.

How to brew a string for bathing:

1 In the morning, pour a glass of dry herb (sold in packs at any pharmacy) into a liter container for hot water, the easiest way is into a glass jar.
2 Pour boiling water to the top (that is, to get 1 liter of liquid). And set aside - let it brew until the evening.
3 Before bathing, pour the broth into a bathtub of water through gauze. And now you can “launch” your baby into such water. It is not necessary to rinse the baby after bathing in a decoction of the string, but it is not forbidden either. It makes sense to practice baths with a series in approximately the first 2-3 months after birth.

How to treat your baby's skin after bathing

There is an opinion that daily bathing in tap water greatly dries out a child’s skin. Actually this is not true. The most insidious enemy of the skin is a dry and hot climate, because the increased work of the sweat glands is the main cause of dry skin. But nightly bathing not only does not harm, but, on the contrary, is good for the baby’s health in general, and for his skin in particular.

After bathing the baby, you need to blot it with a towel (do not wipe it or rub it, but blot it carefully and gently), then put it on the changing table and examine it. If there are no visible problems on the skin, the baby can be provided with a diaper, dressed, and finally allowed to feed.

And if there are problem areas on the skin, then the principle of caring for them comes down to the following:

If your skin has dry areas- they need to be moistened. For this purpose, a special cream, baby oil or boiled vegetable oil is often used. It is best to consult a leading pediatrician about these remedies.

If, on the contrary, the skin “gets wet”- these areas need to be dried. In the same way - with the help of special children's cosmetics, powders, etc., before purchasing which it makes sense to talk to your doctor.

For the first two weeks, experts do not recommend bathing the child in the bathtub, since the condition has not yet completely healed. But when the umbilical cord completely falls off and the umbilical wound heals, the baby can be bathed in the bathroom 2-3-4 times a week in winter and every day in summer. Most often, bathing is allowed on the first day of returning home (if the tuberculosis vaccination was done the day before) or the next day (if the vaccination was done on the day of discharge). The first days after bathing, it is necessary to remove remaining water from the navel with cotton swabs.

The bathing procedure can be carried out at any time of the day, preferably in the evening before the penultimate feeding. And try to carry out water procedures at the same time of day. However, if the mother thinks that after bathing the baby gets excited and cannot fall asleep for a long time, then it is better to bathe the child in the afternoon.

During the first two to three months, it is recommended to bathe newborn babies in boiled water, especially if it is taken from the tap. The temperature in the room or bathroom at the time of bathing should be 23-25 degrees, the water - 37-38 degrees. There should be no drafts in the room. A slightly pink solution is prepared for the bath, and a dark pink solution is prepared for treating the umbilical wound. The baby should take such “pink” baths until the umbilical wound is completely healed. At first, the baby should stay in the water for no more than 2-3 minutes, and use soap or foam for bathing no more than twice a week. Sometimes it is enough to wipe the child with a damp towel, because the less you expose the child’s skin to soap, lotions, and powders, the better. Babies don't get dirty as quickly as we often think.

What is needed for swimming?

When you start bathing your baby, prepare all the necessary things in advance. Make sure you can reach everything easily. If you forgot something, wrap your baby in a towel and take it with you. Never leave your newborn baby alone in the bathroom!

For bathing you need a towel with soft bristles, a bath with warm water, and a washcloth made of terry cloth. Prepare a warm towel, diaper, vest, cap.

You must have a special bath for children; children from 6 months can be bathed in a shared bath. For convenience, you can use special bathing stands.

For the first 2-3 months, it is not recommended to use bubble bath, shampoo, or perfumes, as they can cause allergies.
When bathing children older than 3-4 months, you can use special soft sponges.
Babies aged 5-6 months can start washing their hair with baby shampoo (once a week, then more often).
You can bathe your baby in water with bubble bath after one year.

If your baby's skin is irritated or too dry, after bathing it is advisable to use a baby cream or oil that softens and nourishes the skin. Children's skin is much more delicate than adult skin, and therefore requires additional protection and hydration. You need to use hypoallergenic products that provide special care and maintain natural balance, and cosmetics for bathing and caring for your child’s skin will help you with this. Bella baby Delfi .

Babies often have various skin rashes, most of which go away after washing with soap. However, if the rash bothers your child or his temperature rises, be sure to consult a doctor.

If your doctor recommends using powder, apply it first to your hand and then to your baby's skin, so as not to shake the powder directly over the baby, because a lot of small particles of powder and talc get into the air, which can lead to breathing problems.

Bathing technique

Drying with a damp towel

When wiping your eyes, use different ends of the towel so as not to transfer germs from one eye to the other. If you have a boy, then when wiping the penis with a towel, it is not necessary to move the foreskin.

Bathing babies

Pour water into the bath to a level of 15 cm so that the baby's head, shoulders, and chest remain dry while lying in it. Prepare a jug of clean water nearby at 36 degrees for washing and rinsing.

Undress the child, pick him up and carefully lower him into the water. The baby should be in the water so that the upper part of his chest is under water, and his head lies on the elbow of the bather’s hand. Support the head and back with your left hand, soap your head, shoulders, then arms, legs, genitals with your right hand, turn the baby on his stomach, soap his back. The child's body is washed with a soapy hand or gauze. When the baby is older, you can use soft sponges.

While the baby is not yet able to bathe on his own, support the baby's head above the water. The head should not be placed under running water due to possible temperature changes, and this may simply frighten the baby. When washing a boy, use mild antibacterial baby soap; a girl should be washed with just water.

Then rinse the baby with water from the jug. The soap must be washed off from the forehead to the back of the head so that it does not get into the eyes. Start from the back and finish from the front. Soap should be thoroughly rinsed off the child’s skin, as soap residue can cause irritation.

Now take the baby out of the bath, wrap him in a soft, soft terry towel and take him to where you have already prepared diapers and care items.

Dry your baby with a gentle blotting motion, starting from the head. Your movements should go from the tummy to the back, otherwise you can transfer bacteria from the rectum to other areas. Don’t forget to blot dry all the folds on your neck, armpits, and groin areas. If your skin is dry or irritated after a bath, you can use baby cream or oil.

Then treat the umbilical wound. Using a pipette, drop (2-3 drops) hydrogen peroxide into the umbilical wound. Remove excess liquid using cotton swabs. Using the same pipette, add one drop of brilliant green. And wait until the green stuff dries.

That's all. Now you can dress and then feed the baby.

Comment on the article "Swimming"

Any child can benefit from bathing in herbs. You just need to apply your own option in each situation. Baby Boo bathing extracts have many types of herbs at their base. From chamomile to lavender. Lavender calms and helps the child fall asleep. These extracts are a real find for parents. You just need to add 3 capfuls of them to the bath and you can swim!

09.11.2012 20:56:30,

everyone is sending them somewhere to someone, maybe you can tell me: in what herbs can a child with cerebral palsy be bathed at home for general health (if there is cerebral palsy, then this does not mean that it is impossible to heal, harden, bathe in herbs, etc. .d.)? Some of the doctors or parents have such experience, I just can’t find such a person yet. Sincerely, Igor, father

10/31/2007 09:25:22, Igor

Total 8 messages .

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About the benefits of swimming:

Bathing a baby is, of course, first of all, a hygienic procedure, everything is clear to everyone here. Bathing has a relaxing effect, strengthens muscles, normalizes appetite, and strengthens the nervous system. And again we play, learn the properties of water and just play around and splash around.

What to bathe in?

For bathing, you can purchase a special baby bath, which is more suitable for bathing a newborn baby for hygienic purposes. Then, with an older child, you can move to an adult bath or shower; this will be more than enough for the child.

Temperature

The room temperature should be 22-25 degrees. It should not be too hot and not too cold. What is more important is the absence of drafts. Close the windows and vents during this time.

The water temperature, as our grandmothers measured: by immersing the elbow in water: if it is normal for the elbow, then it is normal for the child. When your child is very young, you can use a thermometer.

As the child grows up, it becomes too lazy to use it, and the mother becomes more and more like an “elbow”.

The optimal temperature for bathing a one-year-old child and older is 32-33 degrees, this is exactly the temperature in children's pools. If your child is sitting in the bathtub and you are worried that the water has already cooled down, you should not add hot water if the child is comfortable in it.

Bathing in hot water does not have any benefit: it only dries the skin more, relaxes it and can have a laxative effect. Swimming, on the contrary, in cooler water strengthens and strengthens the immune system.

Just not harshly: you decided to harden the child and immersed him in an ice bath, under no circumstances! Very, very carefully, by lowering each bathing degree by degree.

When not to bathe a child

You cannot bathe a child after vaccination, with open wounds or sores, or with a fever.

How long does it take to bathe a child?

We bathe the child until he gets tired, usually at this age it is not very long, about 15 minutes. If it’s more, the kids get tired and start acting up or rubbing their eyes.

Does a child need a washcloth?

Yes, it is necessary, just like an adult. We must remove the dead layer of epidermis.

Only it should be made from natural materials and soft enough, since children's skin is still very sensitive to various types of rubbing. It instantly turns red and can cause discomfort to the baby.

Is it possible to use the shower?

You can use a shower, but you won’t get the same effect as a bath. The shower should be used in rare, I would say, in emergency cases, when the child is in the sand or is very dirty. The child needs a bath.

How often should I bathe my baby after one year?

After one year of age, it is enough to bathe a child 2-3 times a week in the cold season. But if it’s not difficult for you to organize a bath for your baby, you can swim at least every day. At the discretion of the parents.

During the warm season, shower as needed. This happens several times a day, as the children play in the sandbox and launch boats in puddles. As they say, after dirty walks. And so, with soap, again 2-3 times a week.

What cosmetics are needed for bathing a child?

For bathing, you only need baby soap, preferably in liquid form, it is more convenient to use and shampoo for baby hair, which does not irritate the eyes. And all the rest of the beauty is a secondary fun for parents, it can be bath foam, bathing gel, etc.

Why do we need bath toys?

Toys are a great way to help your child have fun in the bath. Through play, he develops, learns the properties of water and objects: some drown, some don’t, some take in air or water, etc. The fear of water, if any, is smoothed out, and children really like such games in water and they enjoy swimming.

What toys can be used during bath time?

Bathing toys are usually water-resistant: these can be rubber animals, soft bathing books, wind-up toys are now very popular, etc.

What to do if water gets into your mouth?

Sometimes this happens by accident during the game. Sometimes, if a child does not bathe in special devices, he may dive in and take a sip of water accordingly. Sometimes kids do this on purpose.

My Danil really likes to play “pour over” with cups and sometimes he can specifically drink from this very cup. What to do in such cases?

Well, first of all, do not panic or yell at the child under any circumstances. He's just as scared as you are. If you scream, you will scare him even more, and what could be even worse - the child will be afraid of water and water procedures. Secondly, nothing terrible happened; a second dive will not lead to bad consequences.

If your child coughs or sneezes, which is the natural way to clear the airways, give him a good cough. If he’s just crying, you can take him out and hold him close to you, but he’s wet, so the child will understand that mom is always there and nothing bad happened.

If he goes back into the water, then you can continue swimming, but if he flatly refuses, then don’t force him, that means swimming is over for today.

What to do if water gets into your ears?

There is nothing fatal about this either. Children accumulate a sufficient amount of sulfur, which helps protect the ear canal from external influences. And even more so, when your baby was in his mother’s belly for 9 months and his ears were in the water, nothing happened, so don’t worry!

What to do if water or soap gets into your eyes?

In this case, use a cotton swab to rinse your eyes with plenty of running water, towards the inner corner of the eye (towards the nose).

When should you feed your baby before or after bathing?

Here you must decide for yourself; you can bathe both before and after meals, the most important thing is that the baby is in a good mood and does not require food. And you tell him that first we swim, and then we eat. In this case, it is better to have lunch, it will be good for the baby and the mother will be calmer.

How to dry your baby after bathing?

If the child is still relatively young, around a year old or a little older, you can lay out a blanket with a towel and wrap it while lying down. We did this when Danilka was little, and after a year and a half we already had a terry robe or a large towel prepared. We take the child out and wrap him in a robe or towel while standing. We kiss and everyone is happy and clean!

What cosmetic products should I use after bathing?

After bathing, I smeared my son with baby moisturizing oil, the skin dried out a little, until 3 months. Now I've given it up. The skin is soft and silky, such is the quality of the water. That's why I don't apply anything at the moment.

You can use olive oil or baby moisturizing oil for dry skin.

Under no circumstances should you leave your child in the bathroom unattended, even if you think that he will not go anywhere, alas, this is not the case!

Happy swimming! All the best!

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Must be able to perform a certain number of actions that affect the organization of the daily routine and self-care.

a) Starting from the age of 3, the child gets dressed with the help of an adult, plays with children (in a group), builds a bridge from 3 cubes, draws a circle, says his last and first name, throws a ball, stands on one leg for 1 second.

b) Starting from the age of three and a half, he easily separates from his mother, knows his gender, understands and walks in three directions (forward, backward, etc.), jumps in place and forward.

c) Starting from the age of 4, fastens buttons, shows the longest ruler, draws a cross, draws a person (very approximately) from three parts, understands words and their opposite meanings (heat-cold, rest-fatigue), understands the prepositions “above”, “ inside”, “outside”, jumping on one leg.

d) Starting at four and a half years old, draws a square, draws a person from 6 parts, stands on one leg for 5 seconds.

e) Starting from 5 years old: dresses without the help of elders, stands on one leg for 10 seconds.

Child hygiene skills

- this is the main component of child care and in maintaining health. It is desirable that prerequisites be created (according to the age of the child), thanks to which hygiene would acquire interest and give pleasure. In order for a child to get accustomed to using a washbasin, he must have a low, reliable chair. Your own toiletries (soap, sponge, towel, toothpaste and brush, comb, etc.) should be placed on a shelf at the child’s height. The mirror should also be at such a height that the child can look at himself while performing hygiene procedures (washing, combing, etc.), supplement his information about his own body and rejoice in his neat appearance. The child must be taught to keep personal toiletries and clothes in order.

From the age of three, teach your child the following:

— Wash yourself in a small bowl that is placed on a low table or chair in the bathroom or kitchen; in modern apartments, children 4-5 years old should learn to use taps and wash themselves from the sink;

— Wash after using the toilet and after playing;

— Use water and; soap;

— Undress yourself- the child knows how to untie his shoelaces; Adults from 4 to 5 years old help remove underwear (T-shirts, etc.);

— Dress yourself(the child loves it);

— Fold your clothes carefully y;

— Go to the toilet yourself; (but when it’s really necessary), some children need the help of an adult, even though they would like to cope with this “task” on their own. At night, some children get up on their own to go potty or go to the toilet;

— Wash your hands and brush your teeth before and after eating;

— Completely eat everything off the plate and put the dishes back in their place.

If your child wakes up in the morning, you should not leave him in bed for a long time: mindlessly lying in bed breeds laziness. If a child needs to leave home in the morning, it is advisable to wake him up gently, in advance, so that he starts his day calmly and has the opportunity to eat without rushing. The formation of a child’s personality occurs incorrectly if the mother or grandmother tries to do everything for him, explaining that he does not have time or that he is still small.

The Right Skills

The right skills are instilled at this age. It is desirable that friendship be established between the child and water - this will be the key to health for life. Washing your face in the morning should be a pleasure. The affectionate tone that parents use, the temperature of the water, the quality of the soap, the convenience when washing (the temperature in the room, the cleanliness and comfort in the bathroom, things for the toilet and washing that are easy to get yourself, the lack of persistence on the part of adults - these are the elements that should be taken into account when parents are trying to teach and encourage their child to use the morning toilet. This procedure should become a pleasant habit for him.

In the morning, the child washes not only his hands and face, but also the entire upper body (from the waist and above), and special attention should be paid to areas that sweat (armpits, neck folds). Be sure to brush your teeth and comb your hair! At the age of 5-6, some children even get used to taking a morning shower, and this, in addition to cleanliness of the body, also helps to harden the body and guarantees healthy and beautiful skin.

We take a bath daily

If conditions allow, then it is good if the child takes a bath every day. In order for this to be done willingly, the child must be allowed to open the taps, regulate the temperature of the water and its quantity in the bath (about 36.5-37.5 ° in winter and 35-36 ° in summer). Pouring with cold water and a “shower” (cold or warm) is arranged only with the consent and desire of the child. Starting from the age of 5, the child should be able to wash himself, albeit under supervision. It is advisable that children take a bath before going to bed. In rural areas, when it is not possible to bathe a child every day, it is necessary to have a “big” bath at least once a week.

Do not use caustic soap or alkaline solutions, as this will irritate the skin. It is best to use “fat” soaps; they wash cleanly and do not destroy the thin layer of lubricant that covers the skin.

When the child sits in a bathtub with water, you need to let him stretch out freely in the water. Then he is thoroughly soaped (older children can do this themselves). Use a nail brush to clean your fingers and toes. From the age of 4, a child is taught to use a washcloth; it hardens the skin and makes it soft. Begin to wash carefully, from the shins to the knees and back, as these are the least sensitive areas. Use a sponge (washcloth) to make rotational movements to activate blood circulation. The washcloth for washing a child should be soft; only after the age of 6 can you use a rough one, say, made from horsehair.

How to bathe a child

Regardless of what the child is washed with, it must be done carefully, because the skin at this age can be very dirty, because the child spends all day walking in the yard, on playgrounds, in sandboxes, etc.. Rubbing for the skin (as in water , and after bathing) also has medicinal value: it stimulates lethargic and calms nervous children. After bathing, the child is immediately wrapped in a dry (warmed in winter) sheet (cotton or terry towel) and rubbed firmly. Your baby's skin should be clean, pink and soft. Use a cotton swab to clean your ears. Fingernails should be trimmed slightly rounded, and toenails should be trimmed evenly, without cutting the edges, because this can cause nails to grow into the finger.

Some mothers believe that the child’s face needs to be soaped, rubbed as hard as possible, and sometimes lubricated. Meanwhile, many children have a rough face, even with cracks. Up to 5 years of age, a child needs to wash his face simply with water and soap, and if the skin is very chapped and dry, then without soap; In winter, before going to bed, your baby can lubricate his face with a thin layer of baby or lanolin cream, but do not rub it (forehead, cheeks, nose and chin).

From 5-6 years old, when a child already washes himself, stains from ink or colored pencils, or dust and dirt after outdoor activities, may appear on his face, his face should be washed in the evening with only good quality soap; should be washed off with plenty of water. When a child knows how to use water and soap, he needs to be taught how to wash himself correctly - lather his face with light movements, without vigorous rubbing, with some caution so that soap suds do not get into the eye. You should not scold your baby if at first he washes himself “like a cat” (mouth, nose and chin).

How to cut a child's hair

Children under 4 years of age should not be allowed to have long hair. Regarding boys, this goes without saying. But as for girls, this already means a certain sacrifice. Until the age of 4, children's hair is very thin, fragile and easily tangled. When you comb a child, like it or not, some of the hair gets pulled out. Girls should not have a ponytail, because hair collected and tied with an elastic band begins to thin, becomes thin at the temples and around the forehead, and becomes like fluff. Thin hairs cannot grow back; they are diseased hairs. If a girl wears a ponytail for a long time, her hair will never be thick and strong. Girls who wear their hair in a parting should change its place after each wash.

Hair should be cut in the direction in which it grows. The back of the head and behind the ears should not be cut with a clipper right down to the skin.

When combing your hair, you should choose a brush made of bristles or horsehair (not plastic or nylon). The child's head is combed every evening to remove dust from the hair. Pass the brush in all directions along each strand, and finally comb it in accordance with the natural direction of the hair.

Water temperature for washing hair

After your child turns 2 years old, you can use shampoo to wash your hair. However, we should not forget that prolonged and frequent use of it can make your hair dry and brittle. Most children, as a rule, have normal hair (not dry or oily), and low-quality shampoos can give undesirable results.

The water temperature for washing your hair should be moderately warm, never hot. The shampoo is diluted with water in a glass and used in two doses. Washed hair is rinsed well several times. Wipe with a dry, warm towel, without rubbing or tugging. You can dry with a hand-held hairdryer set to medium heat. To maintain a beautiful hair color, you can rinse with Chamomile infusion after washing.

Air, sun and movement are the factors that are of paramount importance for hardening the child’s body. We must do everything possible to ensure that the child, especially, spends as much time in the fresh air as possible.

Plants have a good effect on children; flowers, branches with leaves that a child can touch, have such an attractive force and cause such satisfaction that it is difficult to explain. Tumbling in the grass is one of the most enjoyable activities for a baby. Shells, stones, glass, chestnuts, acorns - everything has a deep meaning and constant, enduring value for a child (they are different from flowers and branches that break and wither).

It is not easy to satisfy a child’s love for animals. Children often ask to walk near the yard where they know there are animals (dog, cat, poultry). The train station, airport, and fountains are of particular interest to children.

Walk outside

Time spent by a child in the fresh air also has the advantage that he is constantly moving, and this develops and strengthens the muscles of the whole body. Legs develop best when a child runs on uneven terrain. To prevent flat feet, the child should walk barefoot or in shoes with thin soles for several hours. You need to take a closer look at the child when he begins to walk crookedly. You can do the following exercises with it: walk on tiptoes, jump on one or the other leg, or both together (run on the grass, try to “grab” objects with your toes.

It is recommended that children wear closed shoes (but not boots) with flexible soles, not too loose, but not too tight. Any shoes should have a certain length to make walking easier. It is not recommended to wear pumps; they are too narrow in the toes and open in the front; when walking, the toes slide forward. In winter, the child needs to wear shoes or boots. Rubber shoes are harmful: your feet get cold and sweaty in them.

How to dress a child

Clothing should be adapted to the increased mobility of children and the time of year, it should protect them from cold, water and excessive solar radiation. It is important that clothing allows air and light to pass through. Linen and synthetic fabrics do not absorb moisture and promote sweating. The most suitable clothing for children is made from cotton or woolen fabric: and a small admixture of synthetic threads (for strength).

Clothes should be soft, easy to wash and not interfere with the child's movement. That's why it should be sewn loose at the chest and a little tight at the back. When a child does not move, it is easier for him to catch a cold. This is why children should wear pajamas at night. You should use clothes of a simple cut, they are easy to put on and take off, but you should not forget about the aesthetic side, cheerful, cheerful colors, a successful combination of colors, etc.

Underwear should only be cotton (it is allowed to wear synthetic products on a naked body!). The elastic bands should not be tight. For a small child you need 6 T-shirts and 6-10 pairs of panties.