Doctor's visit schedule for newborns. Schedule of doctor visits for up to a year. Monthly visit to the pediatrician at the clinic

Doctors assessed your child’s health and ruled out congenital diseases. Congratulations on your successful start! But remember that during the first year of life you should regularly visit the children's clinic with your baby. We will tell you at what age and for what purpose this should be done.

First visit to the pediatrician

The day after you are discharged from the maternity hospital, your pediatrician will come to your home. Its task is to obtain all the data about the characteristics of the birth and the baby’s health condition. The doctor will examine the baby and give his recommendations on his care and feeding.

If everything goes well, you will next see your doctor in a month at the clinic. If there are problems, your meetings will be more frequent.

First time to the clinic

When the baby is one month old, you will have to come to the clinic. Find out in advance when baby day is at your clinic. This will protect the baby from unwanted contact with sick children.

In addition to the pediatrician, your child should be examined neurologist, orthopedist And surgeon(the last two specialties are often combined). If you are a supporter of vaccinations, remember that at one month your baby needs to be vaccinated against hepatitis. Don’t hesitate to ask your doctor questions about this: the more information you have, the more correct and without complications both this vaccination and all subsequent ones will be.

What will the neurologist evaluate? The task of a pediatric neurologist is to assess the reflexes and muscle tone of the newborn, check the baby’s hearing, the condition of the cranial sutures, and the large and small fontanelles.

The surgeon and orthopedist will rule out the presence of umbilical and inguinal hernias, congenital clubfoot, and hip dysplasia in the baby. Particular attention will be paid to the baby’s genitals: it is very important to diagnose cryptorchidism, hypospadias, and hydrocele in a timely manner.

In addition to these mandatory examinations, you may be recommended to visit ophthalmologist, cardiologist or a doctor of any other specialization. But this is according to indications or if the mother wants to make sure that the baby has no problems.

Examination by doctors at three months

When your baby is three months old, you will have to visit the same doctors again. During the first year of life, the baby develops very rapidly and close monitoring by a doctor is necessary to exclude deviations from existing development norms. After examining the baby, the doctors will give their recommendations for massage, gymnastics, allow or prohibit the baby from swimming, etc.

At one year old you need to see a pediatrician, neurologist, surgeon, ophthalmologist, otolaryngologist, dentist, and have your blood, urine, and feces tested. This is tiring, of course, but necessary for the baby’s health.

Starting from the second month of your baby’s life, you will have to visit the pediatrician monthly. Doctor:

• Conducts a survey of the child's parents.
• Weighs the baby, measures height, volume of the head, chest, fontanelles, and measures body temperature.
• Conducts a general examination of the navel, skin and visible mucous membranes.
• Evaluates the child's physical and mental development.
• Gives recommendations on care, feeding, hardening, prescribes preventive vaccinations and therapeutic measures.
• In case of illness, he makes a diagnosis, gives directions for additional examinations and consultations with specialists, and selects the most effective methods of treatment.

The first year of a child’s life is perhaps the most important stage. The maturation of organs and systems occurs, and the “foundation” of health for life is laid. To assess the development of the baby and promptly identify abnormalities and diseases in the early stages, routine preventive examinations are carried out.

Medical examinations: what do the regulations say?

The procedure for conducting mandatory preventive examinations for children of all ages is established by Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation N 514n dated August 10, 2017.

The document came into force on January 1, 2018. The order regulates the timing of completion, the minimum list of studies and examination by specialists at all stages of growing up.

We will talk in more detail about monitoring the baby.

Medical observation of a child in the first year of life

Inspections by specialists

In the first year of life, the baby is under the close attention of doctors: development is monitored, nutritional recommendations are given, treatment is prescribed if diseases are detected, etc.

Pediatrician

He is the main doctor in the life of every child.

In the maternity hospital

The baby is examined by a neonatologist immediately after birth, then every day throughout the entire period of stay in the maternity hospital. The doctor monitors the baby’s adaptation to new living conditions, excludes congenital or hereditary diseases, and prescribes treatment if necessary.

After discharge from the maternity hospital, the pediatrician monitors the child:

* in the first month of life, the doctor examines the baby at home;

* starting from the age of 1 month, you and your child visit the doctor at the clinic every month.

Examinations by a pediatrician at home in the 1st month of life

The doctor assesses the baby’s general condition and determines his health group. The doctor gives advice on breastfeeding, hardening and hygiene procedures, and conducts talks on breastfeeding. If diseases are detected, treatment is prescribed.

Monthly visit to the pediatrician at the clinic

During each preventive examination, the child’s height and weight, head and chest circumference are measured, and the condition of the large fontanelle and cranial sutures are assessed.

The pediatrician examines the skin and uses a phonendoscope to listen to the baby’s lungs and heart. Determines the health group, the correspondence of physical and mental development to the baby’s age. Identifies the likelihood of a child developing certain diseases.

The pediatrician evaluates the skills acquired by the child in the first year of life: the ability to hold the head, sit, crawl and walk, walk, pronounce syllables and words, and eat independently.

Oculist

Checks how the child focuses his gaze on objects, the patency of the nasolacrimal ducts and examines the fundus of the eye.

Pediatric surgeon

Timely diagnoses inguinal or umbilical hernia, hip dysplasia.

Examines the genitals. Detects certain diseases in boys: phimosis (narrowing of the foreskin - folds of skin covering the head of the penis), cryptorchidism (undescended testicle into the scrotum) and/or testicular hydrocele.

Pediatric neurologist

Tests the baby's reflexes and acquired skills, determines muscle tone and identifies possible motor disorders.

Evaluates the condition of cranial sutures, large and small fontanelles, and the correspondence of neuropsychic development to the child’s age.

Traumatologist-orthopedist

Monitors the development of the baby's musculoskeletal system. Excludes or identifies hip dysplasia, congenital muscular torticollis, clubfoot and other pathologies. When diagnosed early, these conditions usually respond well to non-surgical treatment.

Pediatric dentist

Checks the condition of the frenulum of the tongue - a fold of the oral mucosa that serves as an addition to attach the tongue to the floor of the mouth. Sometimes the frenulum is shortened, which can lead to problems with sucking, swallowing, chewing, pronunciation and diction. If the bridle is shortened, it is trimmed.

Otorhinolaryngologist

Examines the child to identify congenital anomalies of the nasal and oral cavity, pharynx, auricle, external and middle ear.

Research and analysis

They are carried out to diagnose many diseases in the early stages and congenital anomalies.

General blood analysis

Helps identify anemia, inflammation in the body, blood clotting disorders.

General urine analysis

Allows you to evaluate kidney function, detect inflammation in the urinary tract, and suspect certain diseases (for example, diabetes).

Audiological screening

Hearing is examined using a special device. It is performed in the maternity hospital on the 3-4th day of life or before discharge.

If for any reason the screening was not completed in the maternity hospital or hearing impairment was detected, the child is discharged with recommendations for audiological screening in the clinic.

If hearing impairment is repeatedly detected, the child is sent to the audiology center for additional examination and treatment (hearing aids, classes with a teacher of the deaf). Goal: to carry out correction in time to prevent the baby from lagging behind in speech and mental development.

Neonatal screening

Blood is collected from the heel on the 4th day of life in full-term infants, and on the 7th day in premature infants. If for some reason screening was not carried out in the maternity hospital or there is no data, the test is performed in the clinic until the age of 1 month.

The study allows us to diagnose five serious diseases: congenital hypothyroidism, cystic fibrosis, phenylketonuria, galactosemia and adrenogenital syndrome.

If illnesses are detected in a timely manner and treatment is prescribed (medicines, diet), children develop normally.

Neurosonography

The brain is examined using an ultrasound machine through the large fontanel. A painless and safe method helps to identify brain cysts, intracranial injuries, cerebral hemorrhages, and brain development abnormalities.

Ultrasound of internal organs and kidneys

The method makes it possible to look inside the body. The liver, spleen, pancreas, gallbladder and its ducts, kidneys and bladder are examined. The study helps to determine the size, assess the function and identify congenital anomalies of the development of internal organs.

Ultrasound of the hip joints

It is carried out for the timely diagnosis of hip dysplasia - abnormal development that can lead/has led to dislocation or subluxation of the femoral head (congenital hip dislocation).

Electrocardiography

Allows you to record impulses that arise during the work of the heart, which are recorded on paper in the form of a gear graph.

Using an ECG, it is possible to detect disturbances in heart rhythm, formation and conduction of impulses.

Monitoring a child in the first year of life: where is it better?

Routine medical examinations are carried out free of charge at the clinic at your place of residence - an undeniable advantage.

However, you and your child will have to stand in line for hours, even if you pre-register.

In addition, not only healthy, but also sick adults/children visit the clinic. Your baby may encounter, for example, a viral infection, and the next monthly preventive examination risks resulting in the child developing a fever, runny nose and cough.

When visiting a private medical center, discomfort for the baby and parents is minimized, there are no tiring queues, and you can choose a convenient time for visits.

Based on a standard observation program, an individual approach to each child is developed. The baby receives a personal pediatrician who can be consulted 24 hours a day.

P.S. The order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation regulates the mandatory minimum of medical examinations. If deviations are detected, additional studies and consultations with specialists not included in the generally accepted observation scheme are prescribed.

resident doctor of the children's department

What happens during a routine examination with a pediatrician?

One of the important tasks of a pediatrician is to help you learn how to be a parent - and raise a happy and healthy child. Of course, you communicate with a pediatrician much more often when the baby is not yet out of infancy, but when he is already 1-3 years old, you may also need his help.

Your pediatrician will help you with the following questions:

• your baby (relative to average)
• how to make it easier
• when should

Perhaps you coped with your baby easily from the very beginning - and you did not need additional consultations with a pediatrician, planned ones were enough.

But the first years of a baby’s life can be not only the most memorable, but also the most difficult period. If you find it difficult to cope with new responsibilities, the help of a specialist may be useful.

How often should you visit a pediatrician?

Once your child is one year old, you will see your pediatrician less often. But you will still be able to contact your doctor if you need their help. In addition, he will monitor your baby's development by observing him from time to time.

Scheduled examination by a pediatrician and specialists per year

The local pediatrician and other specialists must make sure that your child is developing normally. The pediatrician will weigh and measure the child and give directions for blood tests and urine tests. In addition to the pediatrician, the child should be examined by a neurologist, otolaryngologist, ophthalmologist, surgeon, etc.

Scheduled check-ups after one year

After one year, it is advisable to show the child to the pediatrician at least once every six months.
As a rule, after medical examination at 1 year, children undergo a preventive examination by specialists at two, two and a half years, when a medical card is issued for admission to kindergarten.
Of course, if something causes your concerns, or doctors have recommended that you contact specialists more often, then you should follow their advice and come for examinations according to an individual schedule recommended by a specialist.

When should you contact a pediatrician?

Your pediatrician can answer almost any questions you have about your baby. At a routine visit to your pediatrician, you can get advice on issues such as:

• Skin problems including dryness, rashes and diaper irritation.
• Feeding problems
• Child behavior - from sleep problems to children's tantrums.
• How the child develops, including his, and.
• Digestive problems
• Teething

You should consult a doctor immediately if your child:

• Severe pain that does not go away even after taking children's paracetamol or ibuprofen.
• He feels so bad that he cannot eat or drink.
• Breathing problems; the child does not answer questions - or you cannot wake him up.
• Suddenly a rash appeared, covering the body completely or partially.
• The temperature has risen sharply, which does not decrease after taking children's paracetamol or ibuprofen.

During the first year of life, mother and child should regularly visit various doctors who will monitor the baby's development.

First medical examination in the maternity hospital

The first medical examination of a newborn baby is carried out immediately after birth in the maternity hospital by a doctor called a neonatologist; he evaluates the general condition of the child and the Apgar scores.

Over the next 4-5 days, while the mother and baby are in the maternity hospital, the neonatologist visits the baby daily, examining and monitoring the condition of the newborn. If necessary, the neonatologist can prescribe laboratory blood tests, consult doctors of a more narrow specialization, and give the baby a referral for an ultrasound scan of the brain.

When a woman and her baby return home, during the first month of life they are regularly visited by a pediatrician and a visiting nurse from a children's medical institution. The doctor visually examines the child, checks his reflexes, feels the fontanel, gives the mother the necessary advice and takes measurements of the circumference of the head and chest.

The nurse shows the new mother how to handle the umbilical cord, clean the sinuses and ears, swaddle and bathe the baby.

Table for examination of infants by doctors in the first year of life

Admission at 1 month

Once the baby reaches one month of age, visits from the clinic stop. The time has come for the first scheduled examination with the local pediatrician. During the appointment, the doctor conducts a visual examination of the child, listens to his lungs and bronchi, checks the condition of the mucous membranes of the nose and oral cavity, assesses how long the fontanelle has tightened, listens to the mother’s complaints, sends him to the vaccination room and tells which doctors the baby should undergo.

The nurse measures the baby's growth, head and chest circumference, and weighs it.

The baby should undergo similar examinations with a pediatrician every month so that the doctor can monitor the baby’s development, assess his parameters and the general condition of the body before vaccination.

Along with visiting the pediatrician, at the age of 1 month, the baby must undergo certain specialists:

1. neurologist;
2. ophthalmologist;
3. surgeon;
4. orthopedist;
5. otolaryngologist.

These examinations are mandatory, despite the complete absence of complaints from the parents and the satisfactory condition of the baby. A competent specialist will be able to identify even a slight deviation from the norm in the development of the baby, make the correct diagnosis and prescribe timely treatment.

Neurologist

An examination by a neurologist is mandatory for infants and should be carried out regularly, once every three months. Such frequent visits to the doctor are completely justified, since the neurological condition of the baby changes quite quickly, he grows rapidly, he acquires new skills and abilities. A neurologist is able to assess the development of a child, his psycho-emotional state, promptly detect the onset of pathology and indicate to parents what they need to concentrate on in the future.

During an examination at one month of age, the neurologist evaluates the newborn’s reflexes, pays attention to muscle tone, the child’s posture, the shape of his head, the condition of the fontanel, skin color and facial expression.

If necessary, the neurologist is obliged to send the newborn for a repeat ultrasound of the brain, which will reveal changes in its structure and exclude the formation of cysts, hydrocephalus and high intracranial pressure.

Ophthalmologist

The first time an ophthalmologist examines the baby in the maternity hospital to rule out the presence of visual pathologies. At the 1 month appointment, he examines the inner surface of the newborn's eyeball and checks for a predisposition to strabismus.

Surgeon

The surgeon’s appointment is carried out to detect various pathologies of internal organs, umbilical and inguinal hernias, torticollis and vascular formations on the child’s body and head. The surgeon should refer the baby for an ultrasound examination of the abdominal cavity to ensure that the internal organs are in place and functioning normally.

Orthopedist

An orthopedic doctor pays attention to the child’s musculoskeletal system, to the presence of abnormalities such as congenital hip dislocation, torticollis or clubfoot. The orthopedist should check the symmetry of the folds on the baby’s legs, buttocks and arms, control their flexion and extension, and exclude them in the newborn. rickets, and if a disease is suspected, order blood tests and ultrasound of the hip joints.

Otolaryngologist

The first hearing examination in newborns is carried out in the maternity hospital, but at a scheduled appointment in the clinic, the otolaryngologist must repeat the audio screening and, if any abnormalities are detected, send the baby for further examination to the audiological center.

Admission at 3 months

The baby is three months old and is again awaiting a short medical examination. This time, in addition to the next appointment with a pediatrician, he needs to get a consultation with a neurologist and an orthopedist.

For a baby who has reached the age of three months, an examination by a neurologist is very important. At this stage, the child’s innate reflexes have practically died out, he learns to grasp objects, perks up when familiar faces appear, holds his head in an upright position and tries to lift it from a position lying on his stomach. If these skills are absent or poorly developed, the neurologist should advise the baby’s parents to undergo a course of massage or physiotherapy to relax his muscles and relieve increased tone.

At 3 months, the orthopedic doctor re-examines the child for abnormalities in the development of the hip joints. At the beginning of life, the baby’s body is in a phase of active growth, and the orthopedist must assess how correctly his musculoskeletal system is being formed and how the load on the joints is being distributed. Sending the baby for an ultrasound of the hip joints will help control the process of formation of the ossification nucleus in the femoral head and avoid disturbances in the development of the musculoskeletal system.

Rickets

At the appointment, the orthopedist must check the baby for signs of such a serious disease as:

• worn out hair on the back of the head;
• sweaty palms;
• non-overgrowing fontanel;
• protruding ribs;
• increased excitability.

Rickets occurs against the background of rapid growth of the body and is characterized by a violation of mineral metabolism.

Rickets negatively affects the baby’s musculoskeletal system, making bones fragile and muscles weak, dooming the baby to a life with serious consequences.

Often, rickets can be detected in children aged 1 month to one year.

To prevent the disease rickets, the doctor prescribes the child in preventive doses, 1-2 drops, and if there are signs of it, in therapeutic doses, 6-10 drops.

With timely treatment of rickets, in the vast majority of cases it is possible to avoid skeletal deformities in the child and disorders of his nervous system.

Admission at six months of age

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At the age of 6 months, the baby is again awaited by a neurologist, surgeon and orthopedist. By this period, the baby has already learned a lot, he independently rolls over from his back to his tummy and back, lying on his stomach, leans on his hands and raises his head and shoulders high, and some young talents are already trying to stand near the support. The baby confidently holds a rattle in his hands and is able to transfer it from one hand to another, and the most developed children know how to sit, leaning on the back of a sofa or chair.

A neurologist should assess the child’s acquired skills, his psycho-emotional state and muscle tone when visiting a medical facility at 6 months.

The surgeon and orthopedist must rule out rickets and pathologies of the hip joints, check the baby’s musculoskeletal system, his ability to lean on his legs, roll over and sit down while holding the hands of an adult.

Checkup at 9 months

By 9 months, mother and baby visit the dentist for the first time, even if the baby does not have a single tooth. The pediatric dentist will assess the condition of the oral cavity, give the mother the necessary recommendations for her care, and examine the frenulum of the tongue, which is responsible for the child’s future speech.

The neurologist again evaluates the baby’s new skills, his ability to stand and move with the help of his parents, checks the development of fine motor skills, asks what words and syllables the child knows and whether he can repeat simple movements after adults.

Doctor visits per year

The list of doctors for a medical examination of a child who has reached the first milestone is practically no different from the list given to him at the age of one month, except that it includes a dentist. As a rule, by 12 months, the baby has from 4 to 12 teeth; the dentist needs to evaluate their health and check the correctness of the child’s bite.

An examination by an orthopedist is very important for a one-year-old baby, since the baby is already confidently standing on his feet and moving around on his own or with the help of adults. At this appointment, the orthopedist must check how the baby places his legs and rests on his feet, determine the proportionality of his body and head, check the functioning of the joints and the formation of the musculoskeletal system, and finally rule out rickets.

The neurologist again evaluates the development of the baby's fine motor skills, checks the ability to grasp small objects with two fingers, asks the mother the names of which objects and which parts of the body he knows and is able to show how many words he has in his vocabulary. If abnormalities are detected, the neurologist can refer the child and his parents for consultation with a psychiatrist.

A one-year-old baby should be examined by a surgeon to identify inguinal and umbilical hernias, if any. In boys, the doctor examines the genitals, checks whether the testicles have descended into the scrotum, whether there is accumulated fluid in them, and looks at how the urethra is located. The examination helps to identify the presence of diseases at an early stage and prevent the occurrence of serious problems in the life of the future man.

At the appointment, the ophthalmologist needs to examine the fundus and optical system of the child’s eye.

The otolaryngologist looks at the structure of the ears, nasal passages and larynx, identifies a deviated septum, if any, and once again evaluates the baby’s hearing.

Clinical examination involves monthly visits to doctors, which are necessary to monitor the development process of the newborn and monitor his health. Specialists also answer questions from parents regarding care, feeding, hygiene, and development of infants under 1 year of age. Observation is carried out using a birth certificate, which the expectant mother receives while she is still pregnant. This document obliges doctors and parents to conduct a series of examinations of the child and take basic tests from him. The dispensary observation plan stipulates that the child must undergo monthly examinations by a pediatrician, and also, at certain periods, visit specialists in a children's clinic at the place of registration or a private medical center.

To register a child at the clinic, you need to bring the newborn's insurance policy and his birth certificate. In addition, during inspections the following things are needed:

• diaper;
• disposable absorbent diaper;
• change of clothes for the child;
• wet and dry paper napkins;
• pacifier, bottle.

Doctors' training schedule for up to a year (by month)

During the first year of life, the child must undergo 6 scheduled inspections. The first is observation and examination in the maternity hospital, and then at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 months. At the same time, you need to go with your child to the pediatrician once a month. If you go to a municipal clinic, you should consider visiting on so-called “infant days,” when only children under one year of age are admitted, in order to reduce the risk of transmission of infection from sick children to healthy ones.

Table of routine examinations and tests for a child under one year old

Scheduled examinations by specialists of a child up to one year old

In addition to the pediatrician, the child should be examined by specialized specialists. This is necessary for the prevention and early diagnosis of diseases, checking the level and pace of development, etc.

In the first year of life, the child must undergo 6 scheduled examinations: in the maternity hospital, and by month - at 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months.

In the maternity hospital

Examines newborn children in the maternity hospital pediatrician, which measures height, weight, chest and head circumference, and performs an Apgar score. In the absence of contraindications and with the consent of the parents, a vaccination against the hepatitis B virus is given on the first day, and BCG on the third day. On the fourth day, neonatal screening is carried out (for premature babies - on the seventh day). It is an examination of newborns according to the state program with the aim of the earliest possible detection of serious genetic diseases. If detected early, these diseases either do not develop further or do not cause complications. Screening is done by drawing blood from the child's heel and applying it to a test strip, which is then tested in a laboratory.

At 1 month

Pediatrician measures the child's height and weight, chest and head circumference, and the size of the large fontanelle. The doctor should also examine the site of the BCG vaccination. In addition to the pediatrician, the child needs to undergo examinations by a pediatric surgeon, neurologist, ophthalmologist, and undergo a series of ultrasounds and audio screening. It is recommended to first undergo an ultrasound, with the results of which you then go to specialized specialists. If there are no contraindications, then at this age repeated vaccination against the hepatitis B virus is also carried out.

• Pediatric surgeon examines the child for pathologies such as hernias, dislocations, etc., evaluates the structural features of the musculoskeletal system and skeleton, examines the external genitalia (for boys).
• Neurologist receives information from parents about the child’s behavior and evaluates neuropsychic development. If deviations are detected, the baby is placed in a certain risk group.
• Ophthalmologist tests visual acuity, evaluates how the child focuses his gaze on some object. The specialist also checks the condition of the tear ducts, eye muscles, eyelids, and fundus.

At 3 months

First, you should take a general urine test and a general blood test, and undergo an audiological screening if it has not been done before or its results are in doubt. Then with the results you need to go to pediatrician, who measures the large fontanelle, the weight and height of the child, the circumference of his head and chest, and examines the site of BCG vaccination.

• Traumatologist-orthopedist checks for dysplasia based on examination and ultrasound of the hip joints. If this disease is not detected and treated in time, the child may become disabled when he grows up.
• Neurologist conducts an examination to assess psychomotor development.

At 6 months

It is necessary to take a general urine test and a general blood test. With the results, you need to visit a pediatrician who, in addition to standard measurements, examines the oral cavity and notes how many teeth the child already has. At the age of six months, it is recommended to start introducing complementary foods. Pediatrician provides information about this, answers parents' questions, and also decides on vaccination against whooping cough, diphtheria, polio, tetanus and viral hepatitis B.

The doctor will also give referrals to specialized specialists.

• Pediatric surgeon examines the baby to identify pathologies in the development of the skeleton, musculoskeletal system, etc.
• Neurologist conducts a planned comparison of psychomotor development with norms.

At 9 months

First, the child must undergo a general blood test and a general urine test. Next, a standard inspection is carried out pediatrician. After this, the child goes to dentist, which:

• assesses whether there are pathologies on the lingual frenulum, tongue, uvula, gums;
• advises parents on oral hygiene, dental care, and gives recommendations on how to reduce discomfort for the child during teething.

At 1 year

The child needs to undergo blood tests - general and glucose tests - and a general urine test. He also undergoes an ECG - electrocardiography. With the results of tests and examinations, the child must be taken to pediatrician who will conduct a standard examination and make a note of the number of teeth. At this age, the Mantoux reaction is performed. After three days, the result is assessed. Then vaccinations against rubella, measles, and mumps are given. In addition, the child visits the following specialists:

• otolaryngologist (ENT)- examines the ears, nasal passages, throat, advises parents on caring for mucous membranes to prevent inflammation and colds;
• pediatric surgeon- examines the abdomen (to exclude a hernia), external genitalia (in boys);
• child psychiatrist- assesses the child’s mental development;
• ophthalmologist- examines the fundus of the eye, assesses visual acuity (compares with the norm), checks for strabismus and, if necessary, prescribes correction with glasses or treatment;
• dentist- assesses the number and condition of teeth and bite.

If necessary, an ultrasound may be prescribed.