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As children, they lived almost nearby - in neighboring villages - then, as teenagers, They studied at a boarding school for noble children. Throughout their lives, fate brought these people together again and again. Who are we talking about, you ask? Of course, about Ilya Oblomov and Andrei Stolts from Ivan Goncharov’s novel “Oblomov” and their unusual friendship.

To understand the essence of the relationship between these friends, diametrically opposed in nature, you need to trace their lives throughout the work.

Oblomov’s image: deep in thought

In order to understand how opposite in character Andrei Stolts and Ilya Oblomov were, it is necessary to first follow the character of the first hero, whose surname is named throughout the novel. Ilya Ilyich appears to readers as a sloppy and extremely lazy middle-aged man. His favorite place is the sofa, and his favorite clothing is a dressing gown, which “had in Oblomov’s eyes a darkness of invaluable merits: he is soft, flexible; the body does not feel it on itself; he, like an obedient slave, submits to the slightest movement of the body..."
The careless decoration of the room, where order seemed to be maintained, but a closer look revealed a lot of external flaws, further emphasized the infantilism of the hero. He had neither a specific goal in life nor any clear plans, looking at his surroundings absent-mindedly and thoughtfully.

Active and purposeful Stolz

Andrei Stolts was completely different. With youthful fervor, even in his youth, he explained lessons to a slow and dreamy friend, and tried to help so that Ilya could find himself in life. But his aspirations were not justified, because the teaching “had a strange effect on Ilya Ilyich: between science and life there lay a whole abyss, which he did not try to cross. His life was on its own, and his science was on its own.”

Little Andryusha has been curious and very active since childhood. Any of his antics, even to the point that the boy could leave for several days without causing concern to his father, were perceived by his parents without any panic. Without preventing his son from freely exploring the world around him, dad contributed to the development of a holistic, completely independent personality. Andrey Stolts is an amazing person, for whom you feel sympathy from the very first lines. The hero of the novel, loving life and striving for the future. This is how he is depicted on the pages of the work.

The reason for the friendship between Oblomov and Stolz

A reader delving into the images of such absolutely opposite personalities may have a fair question: how could they be friends? But perhaps some will be surprised to learn that at first Andrei and Ilya were similar in character. But it was their upbringing, the environment in which the young friends lived, that made them as different as the South and the North. However, close comrades cope well with their differences and complement each other perfectly.

These two people, different in temperament, were able to appreciate each other. Stolz sees his beautiful soul in Oblomov, and he, in turn, notices the best qualities of a true, devoted friend.

“...I knew many people with high qualities, but I have never met a purer, brighter and simpler heart; I loved many, but no one as firmly and ardently as Oblomov. Once you know him, you can’t stop loving him…” says Andrei Ivanovich about Ilya Ilyich.

He loves his friend for his sincerity, considers him a very good person, even despite his imposingness, apathy and laziness. Stolz hopes that someday it will be possible to remake Ilya Ilyich and is trying to take appropriate measures. But will he succeed?

Episodes from the novel: friendship between Stolz and Oblomov

Throughout the entire novel, Oblomov and Stolz walk hand in hand, maintaining sincere affection for each other. Let's look at some episodes from their lives.

Here Ilya and Andrey are small children. One of them is brave and active, the other is a little lazy, dreamy and fearful. Parents love their children immensely, but they raise them differently. Therefore, their fates are completely different...

Here is Andrei, “often, taking a break from business or from the social crowd, in the evening, from the ball, he goes to sit on Oblomov’s wide sofa and, in a lazy conversation, take away and calm the anxious or tired soul.” In the presence of Oblomov, the friend calms down, feels like a man who has come “from a magnificent hall to his own modest roof.”

So they are conducting a dialogue with each other, and Andrei cannot convince Ilya to become more alive, to go out into society, to break away from his comfortable sofa, to change his way of thinking, to leave passivity, apathy and laziness, to become a full-fledged person... “Like a lump of dough, he curled up and “You’re lying,” Stolz reproaches Oblomov, but he does not respond to the comments. However, Andrey is adamant in his decision to change the situation. “No, I won’t leave you like this,” he says indignantly. In a week you won't recognize yourself. This evening I will tell you a detailed plan about what I intend to do with myself and with you, and now get dressed ... "

Clever Stolz, behind the veil of indifference and laziness, managed to discern a philosopher in his friend, because he sometimes speaks very correct speeches. “Life: life is good! What to look for there? interests of the mind, heart? says Oblomov to a friend. Look where the center is around which all this revolves: it is not there, there is nothing deep that touches the living. All these are dead people, sleeping people, worse than me, these members of the world and society!..”

“You reason like an ancient one,” Stolz concludes. But even that is good, at least you can reason and don’t sleep.”

The insightful Oblomov was tired of everything, that’s why he tried to close himself in the shell of his absurd dreams and daydreams and limit himself to staying in his own home, where everything is so familiar and familiar, where there is no fuss and feigned fun. But living according to his friend’s plan is also extremely difficult for him...

Here's another scene. “Now or never,” Stolz declares, and Oblomov makes a great effort on himself, deciding to follow his friend’s advice and get a French passport. However, at that time he never left. But unexpected changes occur in his personal life: Oblomov falls in love with Olga Ilyinskaya, a simple and at the same time noble woman. His friend Andrei also treats her with trepidation.

But Ilya Ilyich’s approach to the girl is original: not wanting to flatter, here too he shows some kind of clumsiness, indifference to pompous phrases, and maybe even ignorance, saying: It costs me nothing to say: “Ah! I will be very glad, happy, you, of course, sing great... this will please me... But is this really necessary?

Finally, Olga began to sing, and Oblomov could not resist an enthusiastic “Ah.” “Do you hear? Stolz told her. Tell me honestly, Ilya: how long has it been since this happened to you?” - he asked his loving friend. Unfortunately, Oblomov’s immaturity over time took precedence over his bright feelings for Olga Ilyinskaya. He could not and did not want to overcome his natural laziness and become the husband of this beautiful woman. In the end, it was Andrei Stolz who took Olga as his wife, who, it turns out, was also in love with her, but did not want to interfere with his friend’s happiness.

The time for change comes, and Oblomov marries Agafya, the widow of the college secretary Pshenitsyn, a thrifty, kind and intelligent woman who faithfully looked after him during times of illness and depression. His life again goes smoothly and smoothly. Agafya surrounds her husband with care and maintains complete order in the house. Well, what about Stolz?

Unfortunately, the last meeting of friends five years later was very sad. "Dead!" - Andrei Ivanovich lamented about his friend, seeing him in an extremely difficult mental state. He was also shocked by the fact that Agafya was Ilya’s wife. At this unexpected news, it was as if a stone wall had opened up between friends, and Stolz realized that his comrade would never leave Oblomovka. But still, he heeded Ilya Ilyich’s requests “not to forget his son Andrei.” And he promised himself to lead the boy on a completely different path, and with him “to bring their youthful dreams into action.”

This kind of friendship is very important

Having followed the relationship between Oblomov and Stolz, we can conclude: such friendship is also necessary and useful, because they amazingly complemented each other and supported each other in difficult moments of life. It is a pity, of course, that Ilya Oblomov died, unable to cope with internal apathy and a lazy lifestyle, but he left behind a son, whom his best and faithful friend, Andrei Ivanovich, took in to raise him. He helped Ilya this time too - now by adopting his own blood and giving the child a chance for a full, meaningful life. But how could it have happened otherwise? After all, the friendship of Ilya and Andrey has always been real.

1. Introduction
2. Conclusion

Introduction

Reasons for the friendship between Stolz and Oblomov

The friendship between Oblomov and Stolz began during their school days. At the time of their acquaintance, the characters were similar in character and had common hobbies. Little Ilya is depicted as a curious child who was interested in many things. He wanted to explore the world around him and learn as much new things as possible; even as a young man, he was still preparing for the fact that his life would “take on other, broader dimensions,” he was full of various aspirations and hopes, preparing for an important role in society.
However, due to the “hothouse”, “Oblomov” upbringing and the influence of relatives, the hero remains in place, continuing only to hope and plan, never taking action. All of Oblomov’s activity goes into the world of dreams and daydreams, which he himself invents and lives in.

Little Andrei Stolts was the same curious child as Ilya, but he was not limited in his knowledge of the world and was allowed to leave home even for a few days. And if Oblomov’s upbringing killed the active, active principle, then the formation of Stolz’s personality was influenced by the death of his mother, who dearly loved her son. The strict, unemotional father could not give his son all the love and warmth that he lost after the loss of his mother. Apparently, it was this event, coupled with the need, by order of his father, to leave for another city and build a career on his own, that made a strong impression on young Andrei Ivanovich. Mature Stolz is a person who finds it very difficult to understand his feelings; moreover, he does not understand love, since he cannot grasp it with a rational mind. That is why many researchers compare Andrei Ivanovich with an insensitive mechanism, which is fundamentally wrong - in fact, Stolz is no less sincere and kind person than Oblomov (let us remember how often and absolutely disinterestedly he helps a friend), but all his sensuality is hidden deeply inside his soul, incomprehensible and inaccessible even to the hero himself.

The relationship between Stolz and Oblomov begins as a friendship between two very similar personalities in nature and character, but their different upbringings make them completely different and even opposing characters, who, nevertheless, continue to see in each other that important and close thing that brought them together in school years.

Peculiarities of friendship between Oblomov and Stolz in adulthood

At every opportunity, Stolz tries to “stir up”, activate Oblomov, force him to act “now or never”, while Ilya Ilyich gradually, unconsciously for both heroes, instills in his friend the very “Oblomov” values ​​that Andrei Ivanovich was so afraid of and to which In the end, I came to a calm, measured, monotonous family life.

Conclusion

The theme of friendship in the novel “Oblomov” is revealed through the example of the relationship between two opposing heroes. However, the differences between Oblomov and Stolz are only external, since both of them are individuals who are in constant search of their own happiness, but have never been able to fully open up and realize their full potential. The images of the heroes are tragic, since neither the constantly striving forward, active Stolz, nor the passive Oblomov, living in illusions, find harmony between the two main principles - rational and sensual, which leads to the death of Ilya Ilyich and the internal confusion and even greater confusion of Stolz.

In the novel "Oblomov" Ivan Aleksandrovich Goncharov wanted to contrast Western and Russian culture. Oblomov and Stolz are two key images of the work. The novel is built on the device of antithesis. It is realized through the contrast of these two characters in the work. Stolz and Oblomov are in many ways opposite. In Russian classical literature there are many works constructed in a similar way. These are, for example, “Hero of Our Time” and “Eugene Onegin”. Such examples can also be found in foreign literature.

"Oblomov" and "Don Quixote"

The novel “Don Quixote” by Miguel de Cervantes most resonates with Oblomov. This work describes the contradictions between reality and a person’s idea of ​​what an ideal life should be like. This contradiction extends, as in Oblomov, to the outside world. Like Ilya Ilyich, Hidalgo is immersed in dreams. Oblomov in the work is surrounded by people who do not understand him, because their ideas about the world are limited to its material side. True, these two stories have a diametrically opposite outcome: before his death, Alonso has an epiphany. This character understands that he was mistaken in his dreams. But Oblomov does not change. Obviously, this outcome is the difference between Western and Russian mentality.

Antithesis is the main technique in the work

With the help of antithesis, you can more comprehensively draw the personalities of the heroes, since everything is learned in comparison. It is impossible to understand Ilya Ilyich by removing Stolz from the novel. Goncharov shows the strengths and weaknesses of his characters. At the same time, the reader can look from the outside at himself and his inner world. This will help prevent the mistakes that the heroes Oblomov and Stolz made in Goncharov’s novel “Oblomov”.

Ilya Ilyich is a man with a native Russian soul, and Andrei Stolts is a representative of the new era. In Russia there have always been and will be both. Stolz and Oblomov are characters through whose interaction, as well as through their interaction with other characters in the work, the author conveys the main ideas. Olga Ilyinskaya is the link between them.

The importance of childhood in the formation of characters' characters

Childhood is of great importance in the life of every person. Personality during this period has not yet been formed. A person, like a sponge, absorbs everything that the world around him offers. It is in childhood that upbringing occurs, on which depends what a person will become in adulthood. Therefore, an important role in Goncharov’s novel is played by the description of the childhood and upbringing of future antipodes, who are Ilya Oblomov and Andrei Stolts. In the chapter "Oblomov's Dream" the author gives a description of Ilya Ilyich's childhood. He remembers Oblomovka, his native village. After reading this chapter, we understand where immobility and laziness came from in the character of this hero.

Childhood of Ilya Oblomov

Stolz and Oblomov were brought up differently. Ilyusha is like a future master. Many guests and relatives lived in his parents' house. They all praised and caressed little Ilyusha. He was exquisitely and a lot fed with “cream”, “crackers”, “buns”. Food, it should be noted, was the main concern in Oblomovka. She spent a lot of time. The whole family decided on what dishes would be for dinner or lunch. After lunch, everyone fell into a long sleep. This is how the days passed: eating and sleeping. When Ilya grew up, he was sent to study at the gymnasium. Parents were not interested in Ilyusha’s knowledge. All that was important to them was a certificate that he had completed various sciences and arts. Therefore, Ilya Oblomov grew up as an uneducated, downtrodden boy, but kind at heart.

Childhood of Andrei Stolts

With Stolz, everything is just the opposite. Andrei’s father, a German by nationality, raised independence in his son from an early age. He was dry towards his child. Focus and rigor are the main features that his parents put into Andrei’s upbringing. All the family's days were spent at work. When the boy grew up, his father began to take him to the market, to the field, and forced him to work. At the same time, he taught his son science and the German language. Then Stolz began sending the child into the city on errands. Goncharov notes that it never happened that Andrei forgot something, overlooked something, changed it, or made a mistake. A Russian noblewoman, the boy's mother, taught him literature and gave spiritual education to her son. As a result, Stolz became a smart, strong young man.

Farewell to home

Let us turn to the scenes that describe how Stolz and Oblomov left their native villages. Oblomov is seen off with tears in his eyes, they do not want to let go of their dear child - an atmosphere of love for the boy is felt. And when Stolz leaves his home, his father only gives him a few instructions regarding spending money. At the moment of farewell, they don’t even have anything to say to each other.

Two environments, two characters and their influence on each other

The villages of Oblomovka and Verkhlevo are two completely different environments. Oblomovka is a kind of heaven on Earth. Nothing happens here, everything is calm and quiet. In power in Verkhlevo is Andrei’s father, a German, who organizes the German order here.

Oblomov and Stolz have common character traits. Their friendship, which existed since childhood, led to the fact that, while communicating, they influenced each other to some extent. Both heroes were raised together for some time. They went to school, which Andrei's father maintained. However, they came here, one might say, from completely different worlds: the once and for all established, undisturbed order of life in the village of Oblomovka; and the active work of a German burgher, which interspersed with lessons from his mother, who tried to instill in Andrei an interest and love for art.

For the further development of relations, however, Andrei and Ilya lack communication. Oblomov and Stolz gradually move away from each other as they grow up. Their friendship, meanwhile, does not stop. However, she is also hampered by the fact that the financial status of these two heroes is different. Oblomov is a real master, a nobleman. This is the owner of 300 souls. Ilya could do nothing at all, being supported by his serfs. Everything is different for Stolz, who was a Russian nobleman only through his mother. He had to maintain his material well-being on his own.

Oblomov and Stolz in the novel "Oblomov" became completely different in their mature years. It was already difficult for them to communicate. Stolz began to be sarcastic and make fun of Ilya’s reasoning, which was so far from reality. Differences in character and outlook on life eventually led to the gradual weakening of their friendship.

The meaning of friendship in Goncharov

The red thread running through this novel is the idea of ​​friendship, the role it plays in a person’s life. A person, in interaction with others, can reveal his true essence. Friendship has many forms: “brotherhood”, glorified by Pushkin, selfish, friendship for one reason or another. Apart from the sincere one, in essence, all others are just forms of egoism. Andrei and Ilya had a strong friendship. She connected them, as we have already noted, since childhood. Goncharov’s novel helps readers understand why Oblomov and Stolz are friends, what role friendship plays in a person’s life, thanks to the fact that it describes many of its ups and downs.

The meaning and relevance of the novel "Oblomov"

The novel "Oblomov" is a work that has not lost its relevance to this day, since it reflects the essence of people's lives, which is eternal. The antithesis proposed by the author (his portrait is presented below) perfectly conveys the essence of the fate of the history of our country, which is marked by these two extremes.

It is difficult for a Russian person to find a middle ground, to mix the desire for well-being, the activity and hard work of Andrei Stolts and the broad soul of Oblomov, full of wisdom and light. Probably, in each of our compatriots, as in our country itself, these extremes live: Stolz and Oblomov. The characteristics of Russia's future depend on which of them will prevail.

In the novel “Oblomov,” Ivan Aleksandrovich Goncharov subtly analyzes human relationships, explores and reveals the theme of friendship between people. Can completely different people be friends? The author carefully reflects on this problem.

The writer reveals this idea through the main characters of the novel: Andrei Ivanovich Stolts and Ilya Ilyich Oblomov. Some critics believed that Stolz is the antipode of Oblomov, his complete opposite, but I believe that Stolz rather complements Oblomov. If Ilya Ilyich appears to us as a naive and open nature, then in the image of Andrei Ivanovich Goncharov portrays a decisive and purposeful person. He clearly sees the goal, the way to achieve it and tries to captivate Oblomov with his ideals.

So, it is Andrei Stolts who is trying to “stir up” Ilya Ilyich and instill in him his views on the surrounding reality. He drags him out of the house and forces him to go out into the world. It is Stolz who gives the order to Olga Ilyinskaya to “look after” Oblomov. What is this if not real manifestations of friendship?

And this is not the only example in Russian classical literature of the “golden age”. Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin also shows the friendship of different people in his novel “Eugene Onegin”. In this work, the master of words, like the most faithful mirror, masterfully reflects the friendship between the “St. Petersburg dandy” - Evgeny Onegin and the romantic poet Vladimir Lensky. Despite the contrasting characters of the characters, they become friends without spilling water.

Two great writers in their works give us accurate examples of the fact that different people, often possessing different, sometimes opposing qualities, are capable of having the most tender feelings for each other, that despite the strong differences between the heroes of the novels, such friendship is not only possible, but and can bring a lot of benefits to all parties.

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Essays on literature: Oblomov and Stolz.

They are people of the same time. It would seem that, living in the same environment, they should be similar in character. But, reading the novel, we are surprised to find in Oblomov and Stolz various components that make up their personality. What makes them so different? To answer this question, let us trace the physical and spiritual development of the heroes from childhood, when the foundations of their characters are laid.

Stolz. He was brought up in a poor family. His father was German by birth. Mother is a Russian noblewoman. All the family's days were spent at work. When Stolz grew up, his father began to take him to the field, to the market, and forced him to work. At the same time, he taught him the sciences and the German language. Then Stolz began sending his son to the city on errands, “and it never happened that he forgot something, changed it, overlooked it, or made a mistake.” His mother taught him literature and managed to give his son an excellent spiritual education. So, Stolz became a strong, intelligent, independent young man.

Oblomov. His parents were nobles. Their life in Oblomovka took place according to its own special laws. The most important thing in their life was food. They devoted a lot of time to her. They decided as a family “what dishes would be for lunch or dinner.” After lunch there was a long nap. The whole house fell asleep. This is how all the days passed: sleep and food. When Oblomov grew up, he was sent to study at a gymnasium. Parents were not interested in Ilyusha’s knowledge. They dreamed of receiving a certificate proving that “Ilya passed all the sciences and arts.” As for physical education, he was hardly even allowed outside. They were afraid that he might die or get sick. So, Oblomov grew up as a “home” boy, without education, but kind at heart.

Now let's analyze their views on life. Work for Stolz was a part of his life, a pleasure. He did not disdain even the most menial work. For Oblomov, this was a burden. I'm not even talking about physical labor. He was too lazy to get up from the sofa and leave the room so that they could clean it up. Their lifestyle also speaks about the characters’ character. Oblomov spends his life living on the couch. He does nothing, is not interested in anything. He still can’t bring himself to finish reading the book “Journey to Africa,” even the pages of this book have turned yellow. Stolz leads an active life. From the moment he left home, he lives by work. Thanks to work, willpower, and patience, he became rich and famous to a wide circle of people. Oblomov's ideal of happiness is complete calm and good food. And he achieved this: he slept peacefully on the couch and ate well. Servants cleaned after him, and he had no big problems with housekeeping at home. Stolz's ideal of happiness is life in work. He has it. He works hard, his life is in full swing.

Opposites attract - this common phrase could not be more appropriate here. The heroes complement each other, each subconsciously sees in his friend what he himself lacks. Obviously, Goncharov outlined in these two types of human character those traits that, from his point of view, can constitute an ideal, harmonious personality.

I. A. Goncharov in his novel “Oblomov” showed the society of the mid-19th century, then

Russia was at the end of serfdom. Trade and industry developed in our country, there were many educated and smart people. These include the main characters of the novel: Stolz and Oblomov. They are connected by old friendship, they are educated, thinking and feeling people. But, despite their friendship, Oblomov and Stolz are two completely different people in character and worldview, and let’s look at their differences. Oblomov is a meek, soft, dreamy, trusting and gentle nature, in short, a “pigeon soul.” Oblomov cannot stand up for himself when Tarantiev and Mukhoyarov are pumping money out of him. He also likes to dream about how he will arrange life on his estate, but for several years he has not been able to get together and do this. Stolz is distinguished by energy and willpower. For him, what he said means he did it. Andrei Ivanovich made his way into high society from among the commoners, and this requires considerable will. Oblomov is devoid of complacency and ambition, in him the heart prevails over the mind. Ilya Ilyich understands that he leads a miserable lifestyle, but he can’t do anything about it. Stolz is a rational, calculating nature. He is an entrepreneur, and without rationality and prudence in business you will never make money. Oblomov is very skeptical about the life of business people: “Look where the center around which all this revolves,” he says in a conversation with Stolz. Oblomov is prone to philosophical reflections about the high purpose of man. And therefore he does not move in secular society, where

Everything, in his opinion, is boring and mundane. Stolz is distinguished by his practical mind. He does not indulge in meaningless reasoning and daydreaming. Oblomov and Stolz lead completely different lifestyles. Oblomov is distinguished by idleness and passivity. He sleeps for a long time and does not get up from the sofa, does not go anywhere, is too lazy to even read. Stolz, on the contrary, does not sit still: “He came for a week on business, then to the village, then to Kyiv, then God knows where.” Nature showed Oblomov the only goal of life: life as it lived in Oblomovka, where they were afraid of news, traditions were strictly observed; books and newspapers were not recognized at all. Stolz, on the contrary, says that work is the main thing

In a person’s life: “Work is the image, content and purpose of life,” Stolz says to Oblomov. Oblomov grew up in the village of Oblomovka, where traditions were observed sacredly, where Ilya Ilyich was protected from everything and they tried to make sure that he didn’t think about anything. Stolz grew up in a family where he was forced to work and study hard. His parents took little care of him, and he grew up in a constant and difficult struggle with life. The meeting with Olga Ilyinskaya changed Oblomov for a while. Under the influence of a feeling of love, incredible transformations occur to him: a greasy robe is abandoned, Oblomov gets out of bed as soon as he wakes up, reads books, looks through newspapers, he is energetic and active. But love, which carries within itself the need for action and self-improvement, is doomed in Oblomov’s case. Olga demands too much from Oblomov, and Ilya Ilyich cannot stand such a stressful life and gradually breaks up with her. When Stolz finds out this, he allows his own feelings to manifest themselves, and at the end of the novel we find Andrei Ivanovich and Olga Sergeevna husband and wife. Goncharov treats the two main characters of his work differently. The author has a kind attitude towards Oblomov - while denying the foundations of his life. The writer has an impartial attitude towards Stolz; he does not condemn, but also does not approve of the lifestyle that Andrei Ivanovich leads.

So, we have traced how the main characters of the novel differ, and now we can draw a conclusion. Stolz is a man of the new capitalist era, which began in Russia in the mid-19th century. Oblomov is a product and consequence of Oblomovism, a historical type, a bearer of noble culture. Goncharov depicted the tragedy of a typical

A Russian character, devoid of romantic traits and not tinged with gloom, but nevertheless finding himself on the sidelines of life through his own fault and through the fault of society. The novel by I. A. Goncharov was written more than one hundred and forty years ago, but the types he created still remain modern, and now there are many Stolts and Oblomovs in Russia.

Each of us can recognize the traits of Oblomov or Stolz in ourselves. If they ask me which type of people is better, I will answer this way: “For all that Oblomov is pleasant to me as a person, I like Stolz more, because it is precisely such people who lead a more vibrant, interesting and eventful life.”

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